Question bank: Totalitarian Regimes in Europe: Nazism, Fascism, Communism, Salazarism, and Francoism: Review

During the fascist regime in Italy, Benito Mussolini adopted a foreign policy based on imperial expansionism and racial antisemitism, being an ally of Nazi Germany throughout the Second World War until being deposed in 1943 by the Italian military themselves due to the country's military defeat during this world war. What was the name given to the alliance between Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy during these years?

The Nazi regime in Germany and the Fascist regime in Italy are examples of totalitarian regimes that occurred in Europe during the 20th century. Both regimes were characterized by violence and repression against their opponents, as well as promoting expansionist policies and control over the population. Considering this context, discuss the following questions: 1) What were the main mechanisms of violence and repression used by the Nazi and Fascist regimes against their opponents? 2) How did European totalitarian regimes justify their expansionist actions and which territories were targeted for this expansion? 3) Identify and analyze the role of international organizations in the issue of totalitarian regimes and the effectiveness of their measures to combat them.

During the period between the two World Wars, several European nations experienced totalitarian regimes, such as Adolf Hitler's Germany and Benito Mussolini's Italy. These regimes exerted total control over the population and were marked by violence and oppression. How did totalitarian regimes promote different forms of violence to ensure absolute control over the population and their consequences for the main victims? Identify the processes of territorial occupation and the formation of borders in each regime, addressing the actions of different agents, such as Nation States and political leaders, and their implications for population conflicts and ethno-cultural diversity.