Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the main elements of a story: Characters, Setting, and Plot.
2. Learn to identify the beginning, middle, and end of a story.
3. Develop the skill of extracting the main idea from a story.
4. Enhance critical thinking by predicting the outcomes or events in a story.

Secondary Objectives:

• Foster creativity and imagination through story analysis and prediction.
• Encourage group work and collaboration for a better understanding of the story.
• Improve reading comprehension skills by actively engaging with the story.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. The teacher starts the class by reminding the students about the previous lessons on reading and comprehension. They can ask questions like "What do you remember about the last story we read?" and "What are the main characters and events we discussed?". This will help the students to recall the concepts and prepare them for the current lesson. (2-3 minutes)

2. The teacher then presents two problem situations to the students:

   • "Imagine you are reading a story in which you don't understand the order of events. How would you make sense of it?"
   • "Suppose you are reading a story without any context about the characters or the setting. How difficult would it be to understand the story?" These scenarios will help the students understand the importance of the elements of a story. (3-4 minutes)

3. The teacher contextualizes the importance of the topic by explaining how understanding the elements of a story can enhance their reading experience. They can say, "Knowing the characters, settings, and plot of a story can help us feel more connected to the story. It's like getting to know new friends and places, and understanding their stories." (2-3 minutes)

4. To grab the students' attention, the teacher shares two interesting facts or stories related to the topic:

   • "Did you know that some of the most famous stories in the world, like 'Harry Potter' or 'The Lion King', are loved by millions of people because of their interesting characters, settings, and plots?"
   • "In ancient times, when there were no books or TVs, people used to tell stories to pass the time. They would often make up stories about the stars they saw in the sky or the animals they encountered. Can you imagine how interesting those stories would be with so many unique characters and settings?" (3-4 minutes)

5. After sharing these facts, the teacher introduces the main topic of the day: "Today, we are going to learn about the characters, settings, and plots of stories. We will also learn how they contribute to the overall understanding and enjoyment of a story." (1 minute)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity 1: Creating a Story Map (7-10 minutes)

   • The teacher provides each group of students with a large piece of paper and colored markers.
   • The teacher asks the groups to choose a storybook from a selection provided. The selected book should have a clear plot and distinct characters and settings.
   • The students are then asked to draw a large circle in the middle of the paper to represent the story's main character. They will name the character and write some characteristics about them.
   • The students then draw two more circles, one on either side of the main one, representing the story's main setting and plot. They will also write some details about these elements.
   • The teacher circulates around the room, guiding and assisting the students as needed. Once the groups have successfully completed their story maps, the teacher asks each group to present their story, explaining the characters, setting, and plot.

2. Activity 2: Role Play the Story (8-10 minutes)

   • After the story maps have been presented, the teacher asks the students to use their story maps to create a short role play of the story. Each group will need to assign roles to each member, based on the characters in the story, and decide on the key scenes for their role play.
   • The teacher provides the necessary props (simple items like hats, scarves, or wands) for the role plays.
   • The groups are given time to rehearse their role plays. The teacher encourages creativity in presenting the story, but also emphasizes that the main elements (characters, setting, and plot) must be clearly depicted.
   • Once the role plays are ready, the groups perform them for the class. After each performance, the other students are encouraged to identify the main elements of the story that were presented.

3. Activity 3: Guess the Story (5-7 minutes)

   • To conclude the development phase, the teacher proposes a fun, challenging activity. The teacher prepares a set of picture cards, each card depicting a character, setting, or plot from a different well-known story.
   • The students are divided into small groups. Each group is given a card, and without showing it to anyone else, they must act out the character, setting, or plot on the card.
   • The other groups must try to guess which story is being acted out. The first group to guess correctly gets a point.
   • This activity not only reinforces the identification of the main elements of a story but also introduces the concept of predicting a story based on its characters, settings, and plot.

The teacher should closely monitor the activities, making sure they run smoothly and that all students are equally involved. After all the activities are completed, the teacher should facilitate a brief discussion about the students' experiences, encouraging them to reflect upon what they learned and how the activities helped them understand the importance and structure of stories.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussions: (4 - 5 minutes)

   • The teacher asks each group to share their solutions or conclusions from the activities. This allows students to learn from each other's perspectives and provides an opportunity for the teacher to assess the understanding of the entire class.
   • The teacher facilitates a discussion by asking questions like, "How did you decide on the main character, setting, and plot for your story map?" and "How did you use the story's elements in your role play?"
   • The teacher also encourages the students to share their experiences with the "Guess the Story" game, asking questions like, "How did you guess which story was being acted out?" and "What clues in the character, setting, or plot helped you make your guess?"

2. Connecting Theory and Practice: (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher then summarizes the key concepts learned during the activities, emphasizing the importance of characters, settings, and plots in a story. They can say, "Today, we learned that characters are the people, animals, or creatures in a story. The setting is where the story takes place, and the plot is the sequence of events that happen in the story."
   • The teacher also explains how the activities helped the students understand these concepts. For example, they can say, "The story map activity helped us visualize the characters, settings, and plots in a story, while the role play activity allowed us to act out the story's events and the 'Guess the Story' game helped us predict the story based on its elements."

3. Personal Reflection: (2 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher encourages the students to reflect on what they have learned. They can ask questions like, "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions do you still have about the elements of a story?"
   • The teacher can also give the students a minute to think about their responses and then ask a few students to share their reflections with the class. This will promote a deeper understanding of the topic and help the teacher identify any areas that may need further clarification in the next lesson.

The feedback stage is crucial for consolidating the learning outcomes and promoting a reflective learning environment. The teacher should ensure that all students have the opportunity to participate in the discussions and share their thoughts and ideas.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recap: (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher starts the conclusion by summarizing the main points of the lesson. They can say, "Today, we explored the elements of a story, which are the characters, settings, and plot. We learned how to identify and understand these elements, and how they contribute to the overall understanding and enjoyment of a story."
   • The teacher then reiterates the importance of being able to identify the main elements of a story and how they can help in comprehending a story better. They can say, "Understanding the characters, settings, and plot in a story helps us to follow the story's events more easily, and to predict what might happen next. It also helps us to feel more connected to the story, as if we are part of it."

2. Connection of Theory, Practice, and Applications: (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher explains how the lesson connected theory and practice. They can say, "We started with the theory, where we discussed what characters, settings, and plots are, and why they are important in a story. Then we moved on to practice, where you created story maps, role played the stories, and tried to guess the stories based on their elements. These activities helped you to apply the theory in a fun and engaging way."
   • The teacher also highlights the real-world applications of the lesson. They can say, "The skills you learned today, like identifying the main elements of a story and predicting its events, are not just important for English class, but also for your day-to-day life. They can help you to understand and interpret other forms of media, like movies and TV shows, and to analyze and discuss various topics more critically."

3. Additional Materials: (1 minute)

   • The teacher suggests some additional materials for further exploration and understanding of the topic. They can recommend some age-appropriate storybooks for the students to read at home and practice identifying the elements of a story. They can also suggest some online resources or educational games that focus on reading comprehension and story analysis.

4. Relevance to Everyday Life: (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher concludes by explaining the importance of the topic for everyday life. They can say, "The ability to read and understand stories is not just a school skill, it's a life skill. Stories have been a part of human culture since the beginning of time, and they are a way for us to share our experiences, our values, and our ideas. By understanding the elements of a story, you can not only enjoy reading more, but also gain insights into different cultures, periods in history, and perspectives on life."
   • The teacher also encourages the students to keep practicing these skills and to always be curious and open-minded when exploring new stories.

The conclusion stage is crucial for reinforcing the key concepts, connecting the lesson to real-world applications, and inspiring the students to continue learning. The teacher should ensure that the students have understood the main points of the lesson and are motivated to apply these skills in their daily lives.