Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of time interval: Students should be able to understand the concept of time interval and how it is used in everyday life. They should be able to identify different time intervals, such as seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years.

2. Measure time intervals using analog and digital clocks: Students should learn how to measure time intervals using analog and digital clocks. They should be able to read and interpret the time on an analog clock, as well as understand the difference between hours and minutes.

3. Solve problems involving time intervals: Finally, students should be able to apply their knowledge of time intervals to solve practical problems. They should be able to calculate the duration of an event, the difference between two events, and the time elapsed between two events.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Concept review: The teacher should start the lesson by quickly reviewing the concepts of hour and minute, reminding students about reading the clock, both analog and digital. Students should be encouraged to participate, sharing their prior knowledge on the subject.

2. Problem situations: Next, the teacher should propose two problem situations to engage students in the lesson topic. The first could be: 'If you have a class at 7:30 and it is now 7:00, how much time is left until the class starts?' And the second: 'If you wake up at 6:00 and go to bed at 20:00, how many hours are you awake during the day?'.

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then explain the importance of time in our daily lives, mentioning situations where we need to know the time, such as to arrive at school on time, to do an activity for a certain period, and to organize our routine. To make the explanation more interesting, the teacher can share some curiosities, such as the origin of the clock and the division of the day into 24 hours.

4. Introduction to the topic: To introduce the lesson topic, the teacher can present two curiosities. The first is that, in ancient times, people used the position of the sun in the sky to measure time, and the first clocks were made based on this principle. The second is that there are different units of time: the second, which is the basic unit, and the day, month, and year, which are based on the movements of the Earth.

5. Capturing students' attention: To spark students' interest, the teacher can share two fun applications of time intervals. The first is that if you traveled to Mars, a day there would last about 24 hours and 37 minutes, so you would have to adjust to a new time rhythm. The second is that if you could live for a billion seconds, you would be about 31 years old.

6. Topic presentation: Finally, the teacher should present the lesson topic: 'Let's learn more about time intervals, how to measure time using clocks, and how to solve problems involving time.'

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity: Musical Time Reading

   • The teacher should divide the class into groups of four or five students.
   • Each group will receive a small bell and a set of cards with different times of the day written (for example, '7:00', '9:30', '12:15', etc.).
   • When the teacher rings the bell, one student from each group should pick a card and then all students in the group must ring the bell at the time indicated on the card.
   • After ringing the bell, the group should gather and discuss for how long they rang the bell.
   • The teacher should circulate around the room, assisting the groups as needed and promoting discussion about the elapsed time.
   • At the end of the activity, each group should share with the class how many minutes they believe have passed since they started ringing the bell.

2. Activity: What Time Is It, Mr. Wolf?

   • The teacher should choose a student to be 'Mr. Wolf' and stand with their back to the class.
   • The other students will be the 'little bunnies' and should stand on the other side of the room.
   • 'Mr. Wolf' should then ask: 'What time is it, Mr. Wolf?' and the 'little bunnies' should respond with a time.
   • 'Mr. Wolf' should then take a certain number of steps towards the 'little bunnies', representing the time that has passed.
   • The game continues until 'Mr. Wolf' is close enough to catch one of the 'little bunnies'.
   • Each round, students should reflect on how much time has passed since 'Mr. Wolf's' last question and the 'little bunnies' response.
   • This activity helps reinforce the concept of elapsed time and practice reading time on an analog clock.

3. Activity: The Calendar Challenge

   • The teacher should divide the class into small groups and distribute a large calendar to each group.
   • Each group will receive a series of questions to answer using the calendar, such as 'What day of the week will my birthday be in 3 months?' or 'How many days until Christmas?'.
   • Students should work together to find the answers, marking the days on the calendar and counting the days between two dates.
   • The teacher should circulate around the room, assisting the groups as needed and encouraging discussion and collaboration.
   • At the end of the activity, each group should share with the class the answers they found.

Please note that these are activity suggestions, the teacher can choose one or more of them according to the available time and adapt them as needed. The important thing is that the activities are fun and interactive, so that students can learn about time intervals in an enjoyable and meaningful way.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher should gather all students in a large discussion circle.
   • Each group will have the opportunity to share the solutions or discoveries they made during the activities.
   • The teacher should encourage everyone's participation, prompting students to explain how they arrived at their conclusions and share the challenges they encountered.
   • During the discussion, the teacher should highlight the main learning points, emphasizing the strategies used by different groups and how they relate to the concepts of time intervals.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • After the discussion, the teacher should recap the main theoretical concepts covered in the lesson, such as reading the clock, the difference between hours and minutes, and calculating time intervals.
   • The teacher should make clear connections between the practical activities and the theory, reinforcing how the problem situations proposed in the activities relate to students' daily lives.
   • The teacher should ensure that all students understand the importance and applicability of the concepts of time intervals.

3. Final Reflection (3 - 5 minutes)

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose that students reflect on what they have learned.
   • The teacher can ask two simple questions to guide students' reflection: 'What did you find most interesting about today's lesson?' and 'How can you use what you learned today in your lives outside of school?'.
   • Students should have a moment to think about the questions and then can share their answers with the class, if they wish.
   • This final reflection helps students consolidate their learning and realize the relevance of what they have learned to their lives.

Please note that the return is an essential part of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to assess students' understanding of the topic taught and make adjustments if necessary. Additionally, the return also encourages students to become active learners, reflecting on what they have learned and how they can apply that knowledge.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Topics (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should start the conclusion by summarizing the main points covered in the lesson. They should remind students about the definition of time interval and the different units of time used, such as seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years.
   • The teacher should emphasize the importance of knowing how to read and interpret the clock, whether analog or digital, to measure time intervals.
   • Additionally, the teacher should highlight the skill that students have acquired to solve problems involving time intervals, calculating the duration of an event, the difference between two events, and the time elapsed between two events.

2. Connecting Theory with Practice (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Next, the teacher should explain how the lesson connected theory with practice. They can mention the fun activities carried out, such as 'Musical Time Reading', 'What Time Is It, Mr. Wolf?', and 'The Calendar Challenge', which allowed students to apply the concepts of time intervals in a fun and meaningful way.
   • The teacher should emphasize how the activities helped students develop practical skills, such as reading the clock, counting time, and solving problems involving time.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher can then suggest some extra materials for students to deepen their learning about time intervals. This may include interactive websites or mobile apps that help practice reading the clock and solving time problems, children's books that address the theme of time in a playful and fun way, and educational videos that explain the concept of time intervals clearly and simply.
   • The teacher can also suggest that students practice their clock-reading skills in their daily lives, observing the time at different times of the day and trying to calculate the duration of events in their routines.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of knowledge about time intervals in everyday life. They can explain that by understanding and knowing how to measure time, students can become more organized in their daily activities, better planning their time and meeting deadlines.
   • Additionally, the teacher can mention that the ability to calculate the duration of an event and the time elapsed between two events is useful in many situations, from knowing how much time is left until recess to calculating someone's age or planning a trip.
   • The teacher should conclude the lesson by encouraging students to continue exploring the fascinating world of time and applying what they have learned in their daily lives.

Please note that the conclusion is an essential part of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to reinforce the main learning points, connect theory with practice, provide extra materials for knowledge deepening, and highlight the relevance of the subject to students' lives. Additionally, the conclusion also helps to effectively end the lesson, leaving students with a sense of accomplishment and motivation to continue learning.