Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the importance of water and light for the growth and development of plants: Students should be able to explain why water and light are essential for the life of plants. They should understand that without water and light, plants would not be able to perform photosynthesis, a vital process for plant life.

2. Understand the process of photosynthesis: Students should learn how plants use water and light to produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They should understand that photosynthesis is a process that occurs in the leaves of plants, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy.

3. Apply the knowledge acquired through practical experiments: Students should be able to apply the knowledge acquired about the importance of water and light for plants through practical experiments. They will be encouraged to conduct experiments at home to observe the effect of light and water on plant growth.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of previous content: The teacher starts the lesson by reviewing the concept of plants, which are living beings that have leaves, roots, stems, and flowers. Additionally, it will be reminded that plants, like humans and animals, need food to survive and grow. This will set the stage for the introduction of the topic of photosynthesis.

2. Problem situations: The teacher will present two problem situations to arouse students' interest. The first situation: 'Imagine you have a plant at home and decide to place it in a dark room without water. What do you think will happen to the plant?'. The second situation: 'What if you place the same plant in a place with light and water, do you think there will be any difference in its growth?'. These questions will encourage students to think about the importance of light and water for plants.

3. Contextualization: The teacher will explain that light and water are very important for plants, just as food is important for us. Like us, plants also need food to grow, but unlike us, they produce their own food through a process called photosynthesis. And for that, they need light and water.

4. Capturing students' interest: The teacher will show the students two plants, one that was kept in light and regularly watered and another that was kept in the dark and without water. The difference in the growth and health of the two plants will capture the students' interest and demonstrate the importance of light and water for plants.

5. Curiosities: The teacher will share two curiosities to arouse students' interest. The first is that plants are the only living beings that can produce their own food, while all other living beings depend directly or indirectly on plants to feed themselves. The second curiosity is that photosynthesis is the process that allows life on Earth, as it not only produces food for plants, but also produces the oxygen that all living beings breathe.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

In this stage, students will deepen the knowledge acquired through playful and practical activities.

Activity 1: 'The Journey of Water and Light in the World of Plants'

1. Divide students into groups of up to 5 students. Each group will be responsible for representing the process of photosynthesis through a theatrical piece. Provide some materials for them to create costumes and scenarios, such as colored papers, scissors, glue, and paints. This activity will help solidify the acquired knowledge in a playful and engaging way.

2. On stage, students can represent the plant, water, sunlight, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, for example. The play should illustrate how water (from the soil) and sunlight (from the environment) are absorbed by the plant, which, through the process of photosynthesis, transforms these elements into food (glucose) and releases oxygen into the air.

3. After the dramatization of the stages of photosynthesis, the teacher, together with the students, will recap the process, ensuring that everyone has understood.

Activity 2: 'Plant Growth Detective'

1. The teacher will provide the groups with some images of plants in different contexts: some receiving plenty of light and water, others receiving little light or no water. The teacher will explain to the students that the images are records of a two-week experiment and that each photo represents a plant on a different day.

2. The students will then act as 'plant growth detectives' and try to decipher, through the clues in the photos, in which conditions the plants grew better and why. They should make notes and drawings to justify their conclusions.

3. Then, each group will share with the class what they discovered, explaining the environmental conditions they consider most favorable for plant growth and why.

These activities will allow students to apply theoretical learning in a practical and fun way, stimulating creativity, logical reasoning, oral expression, and teamwork skills.

In summary, during the development of the activities, the teacher should:

• Promote active student participation, encouraging creativity and teamwork.
• Guide the groups during the activities, ensuring that everyone understands the tasks.
• Assist in resolving possible doubts and clarify concepts, if necessary.
• Reinforce the importance of light and water for plant life.
• Facilitate discussion and analysis after each activity, making a clear connection to what was theoretically learned.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

This stage serves to consolidate learning, evaluate the effectiveness of the lesson, and stimulate students' reflection. The following activities will be carried out:

1. Group Discussion: The teacher will promote a group discussion about the solutions or conclusions found by each group in the activities. Each group will have the opportunity to explain their thought processes, observations, and conclusions. The teacher will encourage students to ask questions and make comments on their peers' presentations, promoting a collaborative learning environment.

2. Connection with theory: After each presentation, the teacher will ask questions to ensure that students understand how the activities, exercises, or scenarios connect with the theory. For example, the teacher may ask: 'How did the activity 'The Journey of Water and Light in the World of Plants' help understand photosynthesis?'; 'What did you discover with the 'Plant Growth Detective' activity that you didn't know before?'. Students' answers will help the teacher assess whether the concepts were understood and applied correctly.

3. Individual Reflection: To conclude the lesson, the teacher will propose that students reflect for a minute on what they learned in the lesson. For this, they will answer the following questions:

   • 'What was the most interesting part of today's lesson and why?'
   • 'How are water and light important for plants? How can you apply what you learned today in your daily life?'

Students will be able to share their reflections with the class if they wish. This activity will allow students to consolidate the knowledge acquired and reflect on the applicability of what they learned.

In summary, during the return, the teacher should:

• Facilitate group discussion, ensuring that all students have the opportunity to speak and listen.
• Connect practical activities with theory, reinforcing the main concepts learned.
• Encourage individual reflection, allowing students to consolidate what they learned and understand the relevance of the learning to their lives.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary: The teacher will summarize the main points covered during the lesson, recalling the importance of water and light for the development of plants and the process of photosynthesis. They will recap the experiments and practical activities carried out, reinforcing the connection between theory and practice. They will also emphasize the relevance of photosynthesis for life on Earth, not only for plants but also for humans and animals.

2. Connection between theory, practice, and applications: The teacher will explain how the lesson managed to connect theory (importance of water and light for plants) with practice (experiments and dramatization) and applications in daily life (care for plants at home, importance of photosynthesis for life on Earth). They will highlight that the acquired knowledge is not limited to the school environment but has applicability in each student's daily life.

3. Extra Materials: The teacher will suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge on the subject. These materials may include educational videos on photosynthesis, children's books on plants, and educational websites with games and activities on the topic. They will encourage students to explore these resources at home and share what they learned with the class in the next lesson.

4. Relevance of the Topic: To conclude, the teacher will highlight the importance of the subject learned for daily life. They will emphasize that knowledge about the importance of water and light for plants is essential not only to take care of plants at home or at school but also to understand how nature works and the importance of preserving the environment. They will also remind students that photosynthesis, besides being vital for plants, is the process that allows life on Earth, producing the oxygen we breathe and the food that all living beings depend on, directly or indirectly.

In summary, in the conclusion, the teacher should:

• Summarize the main points covered in the lesson, reinforcing the connection between theory and practice.
• Highlight the relevance of the topic for students' daily lives, encouraging the application of the acquired knowledge.
• Suggest extra materials to deepen students' understanding of the subject.
• End the lesson on a positive note, reinforcing the importance of the topic and enthusiasm for learning.