Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Diphthong

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to provide a clear and direct view of the lesson objectives, ensuring that students know what is expected of them by the end of the meeting. Defining the objectives is crucial to guide learning and focus on the skills that will be developed during the lesson.

Main Objectives

1. Understand what diphthongs are.

2. Identify diphthongs in words.

3. Classify diphthongs as increasing or decreasing.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

 Purpose: The purpose of this stage is to connect students' prior knowledge about vowels and syllables with the new concept of diphthong. This creates a bridge between what they already know and what they will learn, facilitating the understanding of the new content. Additionally, the curiosity sparks students' interest and motivation, preparing them for active learning during the lesson.

Context

 Context: Start the lesson by explaining to students that in the Portuguese language, words are formed by syllables, and each syllable can contain vowels and consonants. Explain that vowels are very important in the formation of syllables and that sometimes they join together in a special way, forming what we call diphthongs. Say that throughout the lesson, they will learn what diphthongs are, how to identify them, and how to classify them.

Curiosities

✨ Curiosity: Did you know that many proper names, such as 'Laura' and 'Rafael', contain diphthongs? And that in other languages, like English, diphthongs are also very common in words like 'coin' and 'house'? Diphthongs are a fascinating part of the language we use every day!

Development

Duration: (50 - 60 minutes)

 Purpose: The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' knowledge about diphthongs, allowing them to understand not only the definition but also how to identify and classify diphthongs in different words. The guided practice and proposed questions reinforce learning and ensure that students can apply the acquired knowledge independently.

Covered Topics

1. What is a Diphthong: Explain that a diphthong is the combination of a vowel with a semivowel in the same syllable. Highlight that there are two types of diphthongs: increasing and decreasing. 2. Increasing Diphthong: Detail that the increasing diphthong occurs when the semivowel comes before the vowel in the syllable. Examples: 'quente', 'guarda', 'aquarela'. 3. Decreasing Diphthong: Explain that the decreasing diphthong happens when the vowel comes before the semivowel in the syllable. Examples: 'pai', 'mau', 'peixe'. 4. Identification of Diphthongs: Show students how to identify diphthongs in words. Write some words on the board and ask students to identify the diphthongs present. 5. Guided Practice: Propose guided exercises where students, with your help, practice identifying and classifying diphthongs in words. Use varied examples to consolidate learning.

Classroom Questions

1. Identify the diphthongs in the following words: 'casa', 'guarda', 'peixe', 'aquarela', 'pai'. 2. Classify the diphthongs in the words below as increasing or decreasing: 'quente', 'mau', 'guarda', 'pai', 'peixe'. 3. Write a sentence using at least three words that contain diphthongs. Identify and classify the diphthongs used.

Questions Discussion

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

 Purpose: The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the knowledge acquired by students during the lesson. The discussion of answers allows students to validate and correct their understandings, while the questions for engagement promote reflection and deepening of content. This feedback moment is crucial to ensure that all students have understood the concepts of diphthongs and their classifications, in addition to stimulating active participation and critical thinking.

Discussion

•  Discussion of the Questions:

1. Identify the diphthongs in the following words: 'casa', 'guarda', 'peixe', 'aquarela', 'pai'. 'casa' does not contain diphthongs. 'guarda' contains the increasing diphthong 'gua'. 'peixe' contains the decreasing diphthong 'ei'. 'aquarela' contains the increasing diphthong 'qua'. 'pai' contains the decreasing diphthong 'ai'.

2. Classify the diphthongs in the words below as increasing or decreasing: 'quente', 'mau', 'guarda', 'pai', 'peixe'. 'quente' does not contain diphthongs. 'mau' contains the decreasing diphthong 'au'. 'guarda' contains the increasing diphthong 'gua'. 'pai' contains the decreasing diphthong 'ai'. 'peixe' contains the decreasing diphthong 'ei'.

3. Write a sentence using at least three words that contain diphthongs. Identify and classify the diphthongs used. Example of answer: 'Aquarela de peixe e guarda-chuva no quintal.' 'aquarela' contains the increasing diphthong 'qua'. 'peixe' contains the decreasing diphthong 'ei'. 'guarda-chuva' contains the increasing diphthong 'gua'.

Student Engagement

1. 樂 Questions for Engagement:

1. Why is it important to know how to identify diphthongs in a word?
2. How do you think diphthongs can influence the pronunciation of words?
3. Can you think of more examples of words that contain diphthongs? Share with the class.
4. How do diphthongs in Portuguese compare to diphthongs in other languages you know?
5. Which type of diphthong do you find easier to identify, increasing or decreasing? Why?

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to summarize and review the main concepts covered throughout the lesson, ensuring that students have a clear and consolidated understanding of what diphthongs are, how to identify them, and how to classify them. This final reflection moment helps reinforce learning and the importance of the content for daily use of the Portuguese language.

Summary

• Diphthongs are combinations of a vowel with a semivowel in the same syllable.
• There are two types of diphthongs: increasing (semivowel before the vowel) and decreasing (vowel before the semivowel).
• Examples of increasing diphthongs: 'guarda', 'aquarela'.
• Examples of decreasing diphthongs: 'pai', 'mau', 'peixe'.
• Identification of diphthongs in words and their classification as increasing or decreasing.

During the lesson, students were introduced to the theory about diphthongs and then had the opportunity to apply this knowledge in practice by identifying and classifying diphthongs in various words. The guided practice and discussions allowed for a direct connection between theory and its practical application, facilitating understanding and retention of the content.

Understanding diphthongs is crucial for improving pronunciation and the correct writing of words in Portuguese. Additionally, this knowledge is useful for fluent reading and comprehension of texts, as diphthongs are common in many everyday words. Knowing how to identify and classify diphthongs also helps in learning other languages that have diphthongs, such as English and Spanish.