Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of Present Continuous: Students should be able to understand what the Present Continuous tense is in the English language, its applications, and characteristics. This includes learning to identify the basic structure of the tense and the cases in which it is used.

2. Identify verbs in the Present Continuous: Students should be able to recognize verbs in the Present Continuous tense in sentences, both in affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. They should also be able to identify the difference between regular and irregular verbs in the tense.

3. Practice forming sentences in the Present Continuous: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to correctly form sentences in the Present Continuous tense, both in affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. This includes the proper use of the verb 'to be' and adding the suffix '-ing' to verbs.

Secondary Objectives:

1. Develop listening and speaking skills: In addition to recognizing and correctly forming sentences in the Present Continuous tense in written form, students should also be able to identify and produce these sentences correctly in listening and speaking activities.

2. Enhance English vocabulary: By working with sentences in the Present Continuous tense, students will have the opportunity to expand their vocabulary, learning new verbs and idiomatic expressions commonly used in this tense.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Concepts: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the tenses already studied, with a special focus on the Simple Present and Simple Past, as these are used as the basis for forming the Present Continuous. This can be done through a quick classroom discussion, a question and answer game, or even a short online quiz. (3 - 5 minutes)

2. Problem-Solving Scenarios: The teacher should propose two problem-solving scenarios to introduce the lesson topic. The first could be a description of an action happening at the moment of the lesson, such as 'I am writing on the board.' The second could be a description of an action that happened recently, like 'We have just arrived.' The teacher should ask the students how they would express these actions in English, leading them to discover the need for a new verb tense. (3 - 5 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the Present Continuous, explaining that it is often used to describe actions happening at the moment of speaking, to talk about future plans, or to describe temporary changes. Examples of everyday situations where the Present Continuous is used can be given, such as in conversations, news, sports, etc. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Topic Presentation: Finally, the teacher should introduce the lesson topic - Introduction to the Present Continuous - explaining that the students will learn how to form and use this verb tense. The teacher can share fun facts about the Present Continuous, such as the fact that, in English, the tense is formed by the verb 'to be' and the addition of the suffix '-ing' to the main verb. (2 - 3 minutes)

Development (25 - 30 minutes)

1. Role-Playing Activity (10 - 12 minutes):

   1.1. The teacher will divide the class into groups of five students each. Each group will receive a different situation to dramatize. The situations can be:

    - A. Buying tickets for a concert (describing what they are doing, like 'We are buying the tickets online.')
    - B. Preparing dinner (describing what they are doing, like 'We are cutting the vegetables.')
    - C. Planning a trip (talking about what they intend to do, like 'We are thinking of visiting the beach tomorrow.')
   

   1.2. The students will discuss in their groups how they would describe the actions happening in the given situation in English. The goal is for them to use the Present Continuous to describe the actions, such as 'We are buying the tickets online' or 'We are cutting the vegetables.'

   1.3. Each group will present their dramatization to the class. The teacher and the other students will give feedback, correcting errors and praising the correct use of the Present Continuous.

2. Present Continuous Board Game (10 - 12 minutes):

   2.1. The teacher will prepare a Present Continuous board game. The board will have different spaces with questions and challenges related to the verb tense.

   2.2. The students, still in their groups, will play the game. Each time a group lands on a space, they will have to answer a question or complete a challenge related to the Present Continuous.

   2.3. Questions and challenges may include: forming sentences in the Present Continuous, identifying the Present Continuous in given sentences, completing sentences with the appropriate verb in the Present Continuous, etc.

   2.4. The teacher will monitor the game, helping the groups when necessary and providing feedback on the answers and challenges.

3. Story Creation Activity (5 - 6 minutes):

   3.1. Finally, each group should create a short story in English, using the Present Continuous to describe the actions of the characters.

   3.2. The teacher should encourage the students to be creative in their stories, but also to use the Present Continuous correctly. They can include characters, settings, and actions of their choice.

   3.3. The groups will present their stories to the class. The teacher and the other students will give feedback, correcting errors and praising the correct use of the Present Continuous.

These fun and interactive activities will allow students to consolidate their understanding of the Present Continuous, as well as develop their English speaking and listening skills. Additionally, group work will encourage collaboration and communication among students.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher, in a conversation with the whole class, should encourage students to share their experiences and learnings from the group activities. Each group will have a maximum of 3 minutes to talk about the solutions found, the difficulties faced, and how they managed to overcome them. This will allow students to learn from each other, as well as practice communication and oral expression skills in English.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes): After the presentations, the teacher should revisit the theoretical concepts presented at the beginning of the lesson and connect them with the practical activities carried out. For example, the teacher can explain how the structure of the Present Continuous (verb 'to be' + verb with '-ing' suffix) was applied in the sentences of the stories created by the students. This will help reinforce theoretical learning and show students how to apply knowledge in practice.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then propose that students reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson. To do this, the teacher can ask questions like:

   • What was the most important concept learned today?
   • What questions have not been answered yet?
   • What did you think of the group activities? What worked well and what could be improved?

   Students will have a minute to think about these questions and then will be invited to share their answers with the class. The goal of this reflection is to consolidate learning, identify any gaps in understanding, and collect feedback to improve future lessons.

4. Feedback and Closure (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should thank the students for their participation and close the lesson. The teacher can take this opportunity to reinforce the key points learned, highlight any common difficulties that arose, and provide guidance for individual study. This is also the time for students to ask final questions or express any concerns they may have.

By the end of this stage, students should have a clear understanding of the Present Continuous and how to use it, as well as have had the opportunity to practice their English speaking and listening skills. They will also have had the chance to reflect on what they learned and provide feedback on the lesson, which will help the teacher adapt and improve future classes.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should start the Conclusion by recapping the key points of the lesson. This includes the concept of Present Continuous, the basic structure of the verb tense, the difference between regular and irregular verbs, and the use of the verb 'to be' and the '-ing' suffix. The teacher can do this through a brief lecture, a slide presentation, or even a didactic rap. The goal is to reinforce learning and ensure that key concepts are retained by the students.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): Next, the teacher should explain how the lesson connected the theory, practice, and applications of the Present Continuous. The teacher can highlight how the group activities allowed students to apply theory in practice, and how class discussion and individual reflection helped contextualize the use of the verb tense in the real world. The goal is to show students the relevance of what they learned and how they can apply this knowledge in their daily lives.

3. Additional Materials (1 minute): The teacher should then suggest additional study materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the Present Continuous. This may include grammar books, language learning websites, educational videos, online exercises, among others. The teacher can provide a list of these resources or send them by email after the lesson. The goal is to encourage independent study and provide students with the necessary tools to strengthen their English skills.

4. Topic Relevance (1 - 2 minutes): Finally, the teacher should conclude the lesson by explaining the importance of the Present Continuous in everyday life. The teacher can give examples of how the verb tense is commonly used in conversations, in the media, in literature, and in other everyday situations. The teacher should emphasize that by mastering the Present Continuous, students not only improve their English communication skills but also become better able to understand and express themselves in an increasingly interconnected global environment.

This Conclusion not only effectively closes the lesson, but also reinforces key learning points, encourages independent study, and demonstrates the relevance of the topic. By doing this, the teacher helps ensure that students leave the lesson with a clear understanding of the Present Continuous and how to use it, as well as with the motivation to continue learning and practicing.