Lesson Plan Teknis | Mol: Amount of Substance

Objective

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The goal of this stage is to provide students with a fundamental understanding of the mole concept, which is key in chemistry, and to equip them with the skills to make accurate calculations related to substances. This knowledge is vital in honing practical skills applicable in labs and the workplace, where accuracy and a thorough grasp of chemistry principles are critical.

Objective Utama:

1. Grasp the concept of mole and its significance in chemistry.

2. Calculate the amount of substance in moles using experimental data.

3. Connect the amount of substance in moles to the number of atoms, ions, or molecules.

Objective Sampingan:

1. Enhance logical reasoning and problem-solving skills.

Introduction

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

This stage aims to engage students from the start by showcasing the mole's relevance in real-life scenarios and job contexts. The curiosities and initial activity are designed to ignite students' interest and set them up for the detailed technical and practical content they’ll encounter in the lesson.

Curiosities and Market Connection

 Curiosity: A mole of any substance translates to roughly 6.022 x 10^23 particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.), known as Avogadro's number. To put this into perspective, if you had a mole of rice grains, it would create a mountain that could cover the entire Earth to the height of Everest!   Market Connection: In the pharmaceutical industry, precision in mole calculations is critical for creating reliable drug formulations. Chemists and pharmacists rely on the mole concept to determine the exact active substance doses in medications, safeguarding effectiveness and patient safety.

Contextualization

The concept of the mole is central to chemistry as it allows for precise measurement and comparison of substance quantities. Think of trying to bake without having the correct amounts of ingredients; the mole ensures that chemical reactions have the right proportions of atoms and molecules. For instance, when producing medications, accurate measurement of compounds is essential for their efficacy and safety.

Initial Activity

️ Initial Activity: Show a brief video (3-4 minutes) that dynamically illustrates the mole concept and Avogadro's number. Following this, pose the question to students: 'If a mole of water molecules were shared out among everyone on Earth, how many molecules would each person get?'.

Development

Duration: 55 - 60 minutes

The aim of this stage is to deepen students' grasp of the mole concept and its practical uses. Through engaging activities and challenges, students will apply their knowledge collaboratively, cultivating essential skills for the workplace and laboratory tasks. The fixation exercises will solidify their understanding of these concepts.

Topics

1. Understanding the mole and Avogadro's number

2. Calculating the amount of substance in moles

3. Connecting moles to atoms, ions, and molecules

4. Practical applications of the mole in industry and career paths

Thoughts on the Subject

Encourage students to contemplate the essential role of the mole in maintaining accuracy in industrial and laboratory settings. Pose questions on how they would measure and compare chemical substances lacking a standard unit like the mole, and consider the repercussions of mistakes in such calculations, especially in drug manufacturing or materials production.

Mini Challenge

Hands-on Challenge: Building Molecules

In this hands-on activity, students will create models of molecules using simple materials (like Styrofoam balls and toothpicks) to grasp the link between the amount of substance and the number of atoms within a molecule. This exercise will help them visualize molecular structures and perform mole calculations practically.

1. Split the class into groups of 3-4 students.

2. Provide the materials needed: Styrofoam balls (of various sizes representing different atoms), toothpicks, and markers.

3. Clarify that each Styrofoam ball stands for an atom, while toothpicks symbolise chemical bonds.

4. Ask students to pick a simple molecule (such as H2O, CO2, CH4) and construct a model using the supplies.

5. Once the models are completed, students must calculate the number of moles for each type of atom in their molecule.

6. Guide students to present their models and share the calculations made.

Help students visualise the relationship between the amount of substance and molecular structure while collaborating and practicing mole calculations.

**Duration: 30 - 35 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Calculate how many moles of hydrogen atoms are in 18 grams of water (H2O).

2. From a sample of 44 grams of carbon dioxide (CO2), determine the number of molecules in the sample.

3. Discuss the significance of Avogadro's number in stoichiometric calculations and provide a practical instance of its use.

4. Solve this problem: If you have 3 moles of NaCl, how many moles of Na+ and Cl- ions are in the solution?

Conclusion

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

This stage aims to cement students' learning, ensuring they comprehend how theory, practice, and the applications of the mole concept interrelate. The discussion facilitates reflection on what students have learned, while the summary and closing highlight the topic's relevance in everyday situations and career avenues.

Discussion

️ Discussion: Encourage a free-flowing conversation among students about their learning during the lesson. Ask them to reflect on the topic, the practical challenge, and the fixation exercises. Prompt them to share their experiences and any difficulties faced while calculating moles or creating molecular models. Emphasize the importance of understanding the mole for not just chemistry but for other scientific and industrial fields.

Summary

 Summary: Summarise the key points from the lesson: the mole concept, Avogadro's number, how to calculate the quantity of substance in moles, and the relationship between moles, atoms, ions, and molecules. Highlight the practical applications discussed, particularly in the pharmaceutical field and laboratory processes.

Closing

 Closing: Reinforce to students that grasping the mole concept is fundamental for a range of scientific and industrial functions, promoting accuracy and safety in processes like drug development and material creation. Stress that being able to perform precise calculations and understanding substance compositions is a highly valuable skill in the job market and advanced chemistry studies.