Lesson Plan Teknis | Understanding and Reflection on Philosophy

Objective

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

This stage aims to familiarise students with philosophy, emphasising its nature and key elements. This foundation is crucial in nurturing critical thinking, a skill that is in high demand in the job market. Through hands-on and introspective activities, students will be encouraged to apply philosophical concepts in practical situations, fostering an in-depth and meaningful comprehension of the subject.

Objective Utama:

1. Grasp the essence of philosophy and its key elements.

2. Enhance critical thinking abilities through philosophical exploration.

3. Appreciate the significance of philosophy in today's world and the job market.

Objective Sampingan:

1. Foster curiosity and inquiry regarding philosophical matters.
2. Make connections between philosophical concepts and everyday life.

Introduction

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

This stage serves to familiarise students with philosophical inquiry, setting up the groundwork for critical thinking, which is a highly regarded skill in today’s job market. Through fruitful and reflective activities, students will learn to apply philosophical concepts in real-world scenarios, enhancing their understanding of the discipline.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Did you know that many prominent business leaders and tech innovators come from a background in philosophy? Skills like critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication are highly sought-after across various sectors, including business, technology, and the social sciences. Companies like Google and Microsoft often look for individuals who can leverage these philosophical skills to tackle challenges creatively and efficiently.

Contextualization

Philosophy is a field that has been a part of human thought since ancient times, seeking to answer fundamental questions about existence, ethics, and knowledge. In our increasingly complex and interconnected society, the capacity to think critically and question what we take for granted is more valuable than ever. Philosophy teaches us to delve deep into questions and analyse situations critically—skills that are indispensable not just in life, but also in a professional setting.

Initial Activity

Show a short video (3-4 minutes) that presents a thought-provoking philosophical question, such as 'What is reality?'. After viewing, prompt students with the question, 'How would you define reality?' and allow them to discuss this in small groups.

Development

Duration: 50 - 60 minutes

This stage aims to deepen students' comprehension of philosophy through practical and reflective engagements. By developing philosophical arguments and participating in debates, students will not only reinforce their understanding of the concepts, but also cultivate vital skills like argumentation, critical thinking, and teamwork, which are highly valued in the workforce.

Topics

1. Nature of Philosophy

2. Key Components of Philosophy

3. Critical Thinking

4. Relevance of Philosophy Today

5. Practical Applications of Philosophy in the Workplace

Thoughts on the Subject

Encourage students to consider how philosophy can impact their lives and careers. Ask them, 'In what ways can critical thinking help address everyday or workplace challenges?' Motivate them to come up with specific instances where philosophical thinking could be applied, like in ethical dilemmas or technological advancements.

Mini Challenge

Constructing a Philosophical Argument

In this task, students will collaborate in groups to create a philosophical argument surrounding a specific topic. The aim is for them to utilise philosophical principles and critical thinking to present a well-reasoned stance.

1. Organise students into groups of 4 to 5.

2. Assign each group a topic (for example, 'The ethics of artificial intelligence' or 'What is happiness?').

3. Guide each group in discussing the topic and identifying various perspectives.

4. Instruct each group to create a philosophical argument, using the principles and elements of philosophy that have been covered earlier.

5. Each group should prepare a 3 to 5-minute presentation of their argument to share with the class.

6. Facilitate a brief discussion after each presentation, inviting questions and opposing views from other groups.

Help students learn how to apply philosophical concepts to build coherent and sound arguments, while also nurturing their capacities for debate and defending their viewpoints.

**Duration: 35 - 40 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Have students write a paragraph on the significance of philosophy in daily life and its relevance to job opportunities.

2. Suggest that they create a mind map linking the key philosophical concepts discussed in class.

3. Challenge students to identify and elaborate on a current issue that could benefit from philosophical critical thinking.

Conclusion

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

This stage aims to consolidate students’ knowledge, enabling them to reflect on what they have gained and its practical applications. By summarising the key points and discussing their relevance, students will better internalize philosophical concepts and recognise their importance both personally and professionally.

Discussion

Encourage an open dialogue with students regarding the topics discussed in class. Ask them, 'What aspects of philosophy resonated with you the most?' and 'How can critical thinking be applied in your personal and professional spheres?'. Urge them to share their thoughts on the mini-challenges and exercises, highlighting the importance of critical analysis and argumentation in different contexts.

Summary

Recap the main points covered during the lesson, stressing the essence of philosophy, its key components, and the importance of critical thinking. Remind students of the philosophical arguments they formulated during the activities and how these exercises contributed to applying the concepts learnt.

Closing

Clarify how the lesson bridged theory and practice, showcasing the relevance of philosophical concepts in everyday life and career paths. Stress that philosophy is not just an academic discipline, but also a practical tool for navigating life. Inform students that the skills acquired, such as critical thinking and argumentation, are immensely valuable in any profession.