Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Understand the Concept of New Imperialism (5 minutes):
   • The teacher should explain what "New Imperialism" means, emphasizing the period of expansion during the late 19th and early 20th centuries when Europe, and later the US and Japan, sought to extend their control over other territories.
   • The teacher should convey that this was a time of intense competition between these powers for resources, territories, and markets, leading to significant changes in global politics and economies.
   • The teacher should also make students aware of the different reasons that drove these powers towards expansion, including economic, political, technological, and social factors.
2. Identify the Main Players in the New Imperialism Era (5 minutes):
   • The teacher should introduce the main powers involved in this period of expansion, such as Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, the US, and Japan.
   • The teacher should highlight the roles and aspirations of these powers, explaining how they aimed to expand their territories, gain resources, and establish markets in Asia and Africa.
   • The teacher should also touch upon the interactions and conflicts that arose between these powers as they pursued these goals.
3. Comprehend the Impact of New Imperialism on Asia and Africa (5 minutes):
   • The teacher should explain the effects of European and American expansion on the Asian and African continents, including changes in political systems, economies, societies, and cultures.
   • The teacher should emphasize the role of colonization and its aftermath, such as the imposition of new borders, the exploitation of resources, the introduction of new technologies and economic systems, and the disruption of local traditions and ways of life.
   • The teacher should also discuss the responses of Asians and Africans to this expansion, such as resistance movements and nationalist uprisings.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Recap of Previous Knowledge (5 minutes):

   • The teacher should remind students of the Age of Exploration and the Colonization periods, which they have previously studied. This is necessary for students to understand the context and the reasons behind the New Imperialism era.
   • The teacher should ask students to recall the main powers during these periods and their motivations for exploring and colonizing new territories.
   • The teacher should also ask students to remember the impacts of European colonization on the Americas, which can serve as a starting point for understanding the effects of New Imperialism on Asia and Africa.

2. Contextualizing the Topic (3 minutes):

   • The teacher should explain that the New Imperialism period is marked by a shift in the global balance of power, with industrialized nations seeking to extend their influence over non-industrialized regions.
   • The teacher should highlight that this period is characterized by intense competition, with various powers vying for resources, territories, and markets.
   • The teacher should also mention that this era witnessed significant technological advancements, such as steamships and railways, which facilitated the movement of people and goods, and the telegraph, which improved communication, and influenced the strategies and scope of imperialism.

3. Real-world Applications (2 minutes):

   • The teacher should explain that understanding the concept of imperialism is crucial for comprehending current global dynamics, particularly in terms of economic inequalities and geopolitical conflicts.
   • The teacher should also mention that many present-day issues, such as the borders and political systems in many Asian and African countries, can be traced back to the era of New Imperialism.
   • The teacher should emphasize that by understanding this historical period, students can gain insights into the origins of many of the world's current economic, political, and social issues.

4. Engaging Introduction (5 minutes):

   • The teacher should grab students' attention by sharing two intriguing stories related to New Imperialism. One could be the tale of King Leopold II of Belgium, who claimed the Congo as his personal colony and oversaw the brutal exploitation of its resources. Another could be the story of the Boxer Rebellion in China, where a secret society rose up against foreign influence.
   • The teacher could also show a brief video clip or images of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885, where the European powers divided Africa among themselves, to illustrate the scale and impact of the New Imperialism era.
   • The teacher should then ask students to imagine what it would be like if their country were suddenly taken over by a foreign power, how it would affect their lives, culture, and traditions. This can help students to empathize with the experiences of people living in colonized territories during this period.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Content Presentation (10 - 12 minutes):

   • The teacher should begin by explaining that New Imperialism, also known as the Age of Empire, was a period of territorial expansion by European powers, the United States, and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
   • The teacher should then present the major reasons for the New Imperialism, which include the search for new markets and raw materials, the desire to spread Christianity and European civilization, the need to secure strategic military bases and coaling stations, and the belief in the racial and cultural superiority of Europeans.
   • The teacher should discuss the technological advancements that facilitated this period's expansion, such as the steam engine, the telegraph, and later the railway, which made transoceanic travel and communication faster and more efficient, and weaponry advancements like the machine gun.
   • The teacher should highlight the significant powers involved in this period, including Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, the United States, and Japan, and their respective aspirations and strategies for expansion.
   • The teacher should also underscore the intense competition and conflicts that arose among these powers, leading to events like the Scramble for Africa, the Russo-Japanese War, and the two World Wars.
   • The teacher should then shift the discussion to the impacts of the New Imperialism on Asia and Africa, explaining the establishment of colonial administrations, the exploitation of resources, the introduction of new technologies and economic systems, and the disruption of local traditions and ways of life.
   • The teacher should emphasize the responses of Asians and Africans to imperialism, such as resistance movements, nationalist uprisings, and the rise of Pan-African and Pan-Asian movements.

2. Classroom Activities (10 - 13 minutes):

   Activity 1: "Imperial Power Research" (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should divide the class into small groups and assign each group one of the major imperial powers during this period - Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, the United States, or Japan.
   • Each group should conduct quick research to learn about their assigned power's motivations, strategies, and significant territorial gains during the New Imperialism period.
   • The teacher should provide resources such as textbooks, library books, or reliable websites for students to use for their research.
   • After their research, each group should present a brief overview of their findings to the class.
   • This activity allows students to delve deeper into the actions and objectives of the major powers during the New Imperialism era, promoting a better understanding of the causes and dynamics of this period of expansion.

   Activity 2: "Imperial Impact Analysis" (5 - 6 minutes):

   • Following the group presentations, the teacher should introduce a worksheet that contains a series of short descriptions of specific impacts of New Imperialism on Asia and Africa.
   • Each group should be assigned one or two of these impacts, and they should discuss within their groups and then write down their analysis of the impact in their assigned area(s) on the worksheet.
   • Some examples of these impacts could be: "The introduction of the cash-crop system, leading to the dominance of a single export in a country's economy and the decline of subsistence farming," or "The division of Africa among the European powers, leading to the creation of artificial borders that later resulted in ethnic tensions and conflicts."
   • The teacher should circulate around the class to provide guidance and clarification as needed.
   • Afterward, the teacher should facilitate a class discussion based on the groups' analyses, ensuring that students understand the multifaceted and long-lasting effects of New Imperialism on the colonized regions.

   Through these activities, students get actively involved in the learning process, boosting their comprehension and retention of the subject matter. They also encourage collaboration and communication skills, allowing students to learn from each other's research and analysis.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher should invite each group to share their main findings or conclusions from the "Imperial Power Research" and "Imperial Impact Analysis" activities.
   • Each group should have a maximum of 3 minutes to present. During this time, they should summarize their research or analysis and explain the significance of their findings.
   • The teacher should facilitate the discussion, ensuring that all groups get an opportunity to present and that the presentations are within the time limit.
   • After each presentation, the teacher should encourage other students to ask questions or provide comments. This promotes an interactive learning environment and encourages students to engage with the presented information.

2. Connecting Theory and Practice (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher should highlight the main points that were discussed during the group presentations, connecting them back to the theoretical concepts of New Imperialism.
   • The teacher should emphasize how the motivations and actions of the major powers during the New Imperialism era influenced the territories they acquired and the impacts they had on these regions.
   • The teacher should also underscore how the responses of Asians and Africans to imperialism, such as resistance movements and nationalist uprisings, shaped the course and outcomes of this period.
   • The teacher should ask students to reflect on the connections they see between the theoretical knowledge they have gained and the practical examples and cases they have explored. This encourages students to think critically and conceptually about the subject matter.

3. Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should then propose a moment of reflection, asking students to consider the most important concepts they have learned during the lesson.
   • The teacher should ask students to think about any questions they still have or any aspects of the topic that they found particularly interesting or surprising.
   • The teacher should encourage students to share their reflections, fostering an open dialogue about the lesson's content and objectives.
   • The teacher should also use this opportunity to clarify any remaining doubts or misconceptions, ensuring that all students have a solid understanding of the New Imperialism era and its impacts.

By the end of the feedback stage, students should have a clear understanding of the New Imperialism era, its causes, dynamics, and impacts. They should also have had an opportunity to reflect on their learning, helping to consolidate their knowledge and foster a deeper appreciation for the complexities and significance of this period in world history.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Summary and Recap (2 minutes):

   • The teacher should summarize the main content of the lesson, recapping the concept of New Imperialism, the major powers involved, their motivations and strategies, and the impacts of this period on Asia and Africa.
   • The teacher should also reiterate the importance of understanding this historical period for comprehending current global dynamics and issues, such as economic inequalities and geopolitical conflicts.

2. Connecting Theory, Practice, and Applications (2 minutes):

   • The teacher should explain how the lesson connected theory with practice and application. This includes the research and analysis conducted by students on the major powers and the impacts of New Imperialism, the group discussions that allowed for the exchange of ideas and perspectives, and the reflections that encouraged students to relate the lesson's content to their own understanding and experiences.
   • The teacher should highlight how this interactive and collaborative learning approach helped students to not only acquire knowledge but also develop critical thinking, research, communication, and collaboration skills, which are essential for their academic and personal development.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher should suggest additional materials for students who wish to explore the topic further. These could include books such as "The Scramble for Africa: White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912" by Thomas Pakenham or documentaries like "King Leopold's Ghost" that delve deeper into the intricacies and impacts of New Imperialism.
   • The teacher should also recommend reputable websites and online resources where students can find more information about the New Imperialism era, its causes, events, and consequences.
   • The teacher should encourage students to use these materials for further study, research projects, or essay writing, helping to foster independent learning and a deeper understanding of the topic.

4. Relevance to Everyday Life (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher should underscore the importance of the lesson's topic for everyday life.
   • The teacher should explain that the historical events and processes they have studied, although occurred in the past, have shaped our present world in significant ways.
   • The teacher should remind students that the borders, political systems, and economic structures in many Asian and African countries have been influenced by the New Imperialism period, and the legacies of this era still impact these regions today.
   • The teacher should also stress that understanding the causes and dynamics of New Imperialism can provide insights into contemporary global issues, such as economic disparities, cultural diversity, and the complexities of international relations.
   • The teacher should encourage students to be critical observers of the world around them, to identify and analyze the historical underpinnings of current events and phenomena, and to appreciate the interconnectedness of history, society, and human experience.

By the end of the conclusion stage, students should have a comprehensive understanding of the New Imperialism era, its impacts on Asia and Africa, and its relevance to their lives and the world they live in. They should feel motivated to explore the topic further and to apply the knowledge and skills they have acquired in their future studies and personal endeavors.