Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. The students will be able to identify and define the basic parts of a text, including the introduction, body, and conclusion.
2. The students will learn how to analyze a text and identify the key elements in each part, such as the main idea, supporting details, and the author's conclusion or summary.
3. The students will develop the skills to effectively communicate their understanding of a text, using the appropriate terminology and structure.

Secondary Objectives:

1. To promote active listening and participation during the lesson.
2. To encourage critical thinking and analysis of texts.
3. To enhance the students' communication skills, both in oral and written form.

Introduction (8 - 10 minutes)

1. The teacher begins the lesson by reminding the students of the importance of understanding the structure of a text. They mention that it is a fundamental skill in reading comprehension and writing. They also explain that being able to identify the different parts of a text helps in understanding the main idea and supporting details.

2. The teacher then presents two problem situations to engage the students' attention:

   • "Imagine you are reading a news article about a recent event. You want to understand the main idea and the details that support it. How can knowing the structure of the text help you?"
   • "Now, let's say you are writing an essay. You want to present your arguments clearly and provide evidence to support them. How can understanding the structure of a text help you in organizing your thoughts and writing?"

3. The teacher contextualizes the importance of the topic by explaining that the same structure is used in various types of texts, including stories, essays, reports, and even in conversations. They mention that understanding this structure can help in many aspects of life, such as interpreting news, following instructions, and expressing ideas effectively.

4. The teacher grabs the students' attention by sharing two interesting facts related to the topic:

   • "Did you know that the structure of a text, with an introduction, body, and conclusion, is often referred to as the 'hamburger model'? Just like a burger has a top bun, a patty, and a bottom bun, a text has an introduction, body, and conclusion!"
   • "Another interesting fact is that many famous speeches and stories, like Martin Luther King Jr.'s 'I Have a Dream' speech and 'The Three Little Pigs' story, also follow this structure. Can you think of other examples?"

5. The teacher concludes the introduction by stating the lesson's objectives and assuring the students that by the end of the lesson, they will be able to identify and understand the different parts of a text, and apply this knowledge in their reading and writing activities.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Lesson Content Presentation (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher begins by defining what a 'text' means in the context of the English language. They explain that it refers to any written or spoken material that can convey meaning.
   • The teacher then presents the three main parts of a text: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. They state that these parts are like the foundation, main structure, and the summary of the text, respectively.
   • Using visual aids, the teacher shows a simple diagram of the text's structure, with each part labeled. They explain that the introduction sets the stage, the body provides the main information, and the conclusion wraps up everything.
   • To make the concept more engaging and relatable, the teacher draws parallels between the text structure and real-life examples. For instance, they could compare it with a story they know, like "The Lion King" (Introduction - Simba is born, Body - Simba grows up and faces challenges, Conclusion - Simba becomes the king and restores peace).
   • The teacher emphasizes that understanding the structure of a text aids in reading comprehension, summary writing, and even in constructing a logical argument in a debate or an essay.

2. Introduction: (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher revisits the problem situations introduced at the beginning of the lesson and discusses how knowing the structure of a text can help in these contexts.
   • The teacher proposes a simple activity where students can pair up and discuss the structure of a familiar text, such as the lyrics of a song or a short story they've read before. They are asked to identify the introduction, body, and conclusion of their chosen text.
   • After the activity, the teacher encourages the students to share their findings and reflections, promoting a discussion on the practical applications and benefits of understanding the text structure.

3. Main Content Delivery: (10 minutes)

   • The teacher delves deeper into each part of the text, explaining the purpose and common elements found in each.
     • Introduction:
       • The teacher explains that the introduction aims to grab the reader's attention and provide a brief overview of what the text is about.
       • They mention that it often includes a hook or an attention-grabbing statement, some background information, and a thesis statement or the main idea of the text.
     • Body:
       • They explain that the body carries the bulk of the information in the text and provides the supporting details for the main idea.
       • They discuss how the body is often divided into paragraphs, each focusing on a specific aspect or supporting argument.
       • They explain the concept of topic sentences, which introduce the main point of each paragraph, and supporting sentences, which provide more details or evidence.
     • Conclusion:
       • The teacher describes the conclusion as the final part of the text that wraps up the main points and often restates the thesis statement in a different way.
       • They explain that it can also include a call to action, a summary of the main points, or a thought-provoking statement.
   • The teacher ensures to provide clear examples and illustrations for each element of the text structure, making sure that the students understand the purpose and role of each part.

4. Recap and Summary: (3 - 5 minutes)

   • The teacher summarizes the main points of the lesson and asks a few students to share their understanding of the text structure.
   • They emphasize that understanding the text structure is not just about identifying the parts but also about comprehending how they work together to convey meaning.
   • The teacher concludes the lesson by reinforcing the importance of this skill in reading, writing, and even in everyday communication.

Feedback (7 - 10 minutes)

1. The teacher initiates a group discussion to assess the students' understanding of the lesson. They encourage students to share their thoughts, ideas, and any difficulties they encountered during the lesson.

   • The teacher asks a few students to share the conclusions they drew from the pair activity, where they identified the parts of a familiar text. They encourage students to explain their thought process and how they applied their understanding of the text structure.
   • The teacher asks the students to reflect on the problem situations presented at the beginning of the lesson and how they would approach them now, armed with the knowledge of the text structure.
   • The teacher encourages students to ask questions or raise concerns about any part of the lesson they found challenging or confusing. They address these questions, providing further explanation or examples if needed.

2. The teacher then proposes a reflective activity to help students consolidate their learning and assess their understanding of the lesson.

   • The teacher asks students to take a minute to think about the most important concept they learned in the lesson. They then share their thoughts with a partner.
   • The teacher asks a few students to share their partner's response and their own, promoting a discussion on the key points of the lesson.
   • The teacher asks students to think about how they can apply their understanding of the text structure in their reading and writing activities. They ask students to share their ideas, fostering a connection between the lesson and practical application.

3. To further assess the students' understanding, the teacher proposes a quick quiz. This can be done orally or in written form, depending on the classroom dynamics and time available. The quiz can include questions like:

   • "What is the purpose of the introduction in a text?"
   • "How is the body of a text structured? What does each paragraph usually contain?"
   • "What is the role of the conclusion in a text?"

4. The teacher concludes the feedback stage by summarizing the students' responses and reinforcing the key points of the lesson. They also address any remaining questions or concerns, ensuring that all students have a clear understanding of the text structure.

5. The teacher provides constructive feedback on the students' participation and understanding of the lesson's objectives. They praise the students for their active participation, critical thinking, and application of their learning in the reflective activity. They also provide suggestions for improvement, if necessary, and encourage the students to continue practicing and applying their understanding of the text structure in their reading and writing activities.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. The teacher begins the conclusion by summarizing the key points of the lesson. They remind the students that a text is composed of three main parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. They reiterate the main purpose of each part and the common elements found in them. They also recap the practical applications of understanding the text structure, such as in reading comprehension, summary writing, and constructing a logical argument.

2. The teacher then explains how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They mention that the lesson started with a theoretical understanding of what a text is and its basic structure. This was followed by a practical activity where students identified the parts of a familiar text. The lesson then connected these theoretical and practical aspects to real-world applications, such as in reading news articles, writing essays, and even in everyday conversations.

3. The teacher suggests additional materials for students who wish to further their understanding of the text structure. These could include:

   • Textbooks or online resources on reading comprehension and writing skills that delve deeper into the topic.
   • Practice exercises or worksheets that allow students to apply their understanding of the text structure.
   • Sample texts that students can analyze, identifying the parts and the elements within each part. This can be done individually or in groups, and the results can be discussed in class.
   • Online educational games or quizzes that make learning about the text structure fun and interactive.

4. The teacher then explains the importance of understanding the text structure for everyday life. They mention that this skill is not just for English class, but also for other subjects that involve reading and writing. They highlight that it is a crucial skill in interpreting news, understanding instructions, and expressing ideas effectively. They also mention that it is a skill that can be applied in various situations outside of school, such as in work, personal projects, and even in everyday conversations.

5. The teacher concludes the lesson by encouraging the students to continue practicing and applying their understanding of the text structure. They remind the students that this is a foundational skill that will greatly benefit them in their academic and personal life. They also assure the students that they are always available for questions and further discussions on the topic.