Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the Civil Rights Movement: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to explain the main objectives, central figures, and significant events of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States during the mid-20th century. This includes comprehension of the movement's goals of racial equality and the role of key figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X.

2. Analyzing the Impact of the Civil Rights Movement: Students will develop the ability to analyze and discuss the effects and lasting impact of the Civil Rights Movement on American society, particularly in terms of social, legal, and political changes. They will be able to identify how these changes have shaped the current state of civil rights in the nation.

3. Developing Empathy and Awareness: The lesson also aims to foster empathy and awareness among students. They should be able to understand the struggle for civil rights from the perspectives of those who fought for it, and to recognize the ongoing need for social justice and equality.

Secondary Objectives:

• Critical Thinking and Discussion Skills: Throughout the lesson, students will engage in activities that promote critical thinking and discussion. They will be encouraged to form their own opinions about the Civil Rights Movement and its impact, and to express these thoughts in a respectful and constructive manner.

• Digital Literacy: As a flipped classroom lesson, students will be expected to access and engage with online resources. This will help to develop their digital literacy skills, as well as their ability to learn independently.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Knowledge (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher will remind students of the historical context of the mid-20th century in the United States, focusing on the prevalent racial discrimination and segregation laws that existed. This will help students understand the necessity and significance of the Civil Rights Movement.

2. Problem Situations (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher will present two hypothetical scenarios to the students that illustrate the injustices faced by African Americans before the Civil Rights Movement. For example, the teacher might ask students to imagine being denied entry to a public place or being forced to sit at the back of a bus simply because of their race. These scenarios will help students to empathize with the experiences of those who fought for civil rights.

3. Real-World Context (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher will link the topic of the Civil Rights Movement to current events, discussing ongoing issues related to racial equality and social justice. For instance, the teacher might mention recent protests against racial discrimination or changes in laws to promote equality. This connection will help students understand the relevance and importance of the Civil Rights Movement.

4. Engaging Introduction (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher will introduce the topic of the Civil Rights Movement in an engaging way, sharing two intriguing stories or facts. For instance, the teacher might share the story of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott, or the fact that Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech was delivered during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, where over 250,000 people gathered. These stories and facts will pique students' interest and set the stage for the lesson.

Development

Pre-Class Activities (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Video: "The Civil Rights Movement: America's Second Revolution" (35 minutes): Students will be assigned to watch a documentary that provides a comprehensive overview of the Civil Rights Movement. The documentary will cover the historical context, key figures, significant events, and the impact of the movement.

2. Reading: "Civil Rights Movement: An Overview" (20 minutes): Students will read an article that provides a concise overview of the Civil Rights Movement, focusing on the main goals, strategies, and outcomes. The article will also highlight the role of key figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X.

3. Interactive Quiz (5 minutes): After watching the documentary and reading the article, students will take a brief online quiz to ensure that they have understood the main points. The quiz will be designed to assess their comprehension of the historical context, key figures, and significant events of the Civil Rights Movement.

In-Class Activities (20 - 25 minutes)

Activity 1: "Civil Rights Movement Timeline"

1. Introduction (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher will begin the in-class activities by introducing the "Civil Rights Movement Timeline" activity. They will explain that students will work in groups to create a timeline of the Civil Rights Movement, highlighting key events, figures, and milestones. This hands-on activity will help students to visualize the chronological progression of the movement and its major milestones.

2. Group Formation (2 minutes): The teacher will divide the class into small groups of 4-5 students each. Each group will be provided with a large sheet of paper, markers, and a list of significant events during the Civil Rights Movement.

3. Timeline Creation (10 - 12 minutes): Students will work together to create a timeline, placing the events in chronological order and adding brief descriptions. As they work, the students will discuss the significance of each event and how it contributed to the overall narrative of the Civil Rights Movement.

4. Presentation (5 minutes): Each group will present their timeline to the class. The teacher will facilitate a brief discussion after each presentation, encouraging other students to ask questions and share their own thoughts on the timeline.

Activity 2: "Civil Rights Movement Character Cards"

1. Introduction (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher will introduce the second in-class activity, "Civil Rights Movement Character Cards." The objective is for students to deepen their understanding of key figures in the Civil Rights Movement by creating character cards with information about these individuals. This activity will help students to humanize these historical figures and understand their roles in the movement.

2. Group Formation (2 minutes): The teacher will rearrange the groups, ensuring that each group has a mix of characters to research. Each group will be provided with a set of character cards, featuring figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, etc.

3. Character Research and Creation (10 - 12 minutes): The groups will research their assigned characters using provided resources like biographies, speeches, and interviews. They will then create character cards, each featuring a picture of the individual, a brief biography, and the character's role and contributions to the Civil Rights Movement.

4. Character Card Swap and Discussion (5 minutes): Each group will swap one of their character cards with another group. They will then discuss in a mini-presentation the character on their new card, sharing the information they've learned and explaining the character's significance in the Civil Rights Movement.

These activities will provide students with a hands-on, collaborative learning experience, deepening their understanding of the Civil Rights Movement while also fostering teamwork, communication, and critical thinking skills.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussions and Reflection (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher will facilitate a group discussion, allowing each group to share their conclusions from the activities. This will include the main events and figures highlighted in their timelines, as well as the key points about their assigned characters from the character cards. The teacher will encourage other students to ask questions and share their thoughts on the groups' presentations. This process will not only provide an opportunity for students to demonstrate their understanding but also to learn from their peers.

2. Activity Connection to Theory (2 minutes): After the group discussions, the teacher will link the conclusions from the group activities to the theoretical knowledge gained from the pre-class activities. They will point out how the hands-on tasks of creating a timeline and character cards have helped students to visualize and humanize the Civil Rights Movement. The teacher will highlight the significance of the movement's objectives, strategies, and key figures, as well as the lasting impact on American society. This connection will help students to see the practical application of the theoretical knowledge they have acquired.

3. Reflections on Learning (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher will then ask students to take a moment to reflect on their learning. They will be prompted to think about and respond to the following questions:

   • What was the most important concept you learned today?
   • Which questions have not yet been answered?
   • How has your understanding of the Civil Rights Movement changed or deepened as a result of today's lesson?

4. Unanswered Questions (3 - 4 minutes): After students have had time to reflect, the teacher will invite them to share their responses. This will provide an opportunity to address any lingering questions or misconceptions and to gauge the effectiveness of the lesson. The teacher will make note of any unanswered questions or areas of confusion to address in future lessons.

5. Closing Remarks (1 minute): To conclude the feedback session, the teacher will thank the students for their active participation and engagement. They will also provide a brief overview of the next lesson, which will further delve into the post-Civil Rights Movement era, including the ongoing struggle for social justice and equality.

This feedback stage will not only provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their learning but also for the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and to make any necessary adjustments for future lessons. It will also serve to reinforce the knowledge and skills that students have acquired during the lesson, preparing them for further exploration of the Civil Rights Movement and related topics.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary and Recap (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher will summarize the main points of the lesson. This will include a brief overview of the Civil Rights Movement, its key objectives, strategies, and major events, and the role of significant figures such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X. The teacher will also recap the two in-class activities, the "Civil Rights Movement Timeline" and the "Civil Rights Movement Character Cards," and the insights gained from these activities.

2. Connecting Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 minute): The teacher will explain how the lesson connected theoretical knowledge with practical applications. They will highlight how the pre-class activities helped students to acquire the necessary background knowledge, while the in-class activities allowed them to apply this knowledge in a hands-on, collaborative, and engaging way. The teacher will also mention the real-world context and current event connections made during the lesson, emphasizing the relevance and applicability of the topic to the students' lives.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes): To further enrich students' understanding of the Civil Rights Movement, the teacher will suggest additional materials for exploration. This might include books like "The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr." or "Rosa Parks: My Story," documentaries like "Eyes on the Prize," or online resources such as the Civil Rights Digital Library or the King Institute at Stanford University. The teacher will emphasize that these materials are not required but are highly recommended for those who wish to deepen their understanding of the Civil Rights Movement.

4. Relevance to Everyday Life (1 - 2 minutes): Lastly, the teacher will discuss the importance of understanding the Civil Rights Movement in everyday life. They will explain that the struggle for civil rights and social justice is ongoing and that the lessons learned from the Civil Rights Movement can be applied to current issues and efforts for equality. The teacher will also emphasize the importance of empathy, respect, and understanding in fostering a more inclusive and just society.

This conclusion stage will serve to reinforce the key points of the lesson, to connect the theoretical and practical aspects of learning, and to highlight the ongoing relevance and applicability of the topic. It will also provide students with additional resources for further exploration and encourage them to continue learning about the Civil Rights Movement and related topics beyond the classroom.