Lesson Plan Teknis | Organic Functions: Carboxylic Acid Nomenclature

Objective

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to ensure that students gain a solid understanding of the nomenclature of carboxylic acids using IUPAC nomenclature accurately and distinguishing it from other organic compounds. This understanding is critical for students to develop practical skills that are directly applicable in the workforce, particularly in fields such as industrial, pharmaceutical, and environmental chemistry, where precise nomenclature is vital for effective scientific communication and documentation.

Objective Utama:

1. Teach students to recognize and name carboxylic acids using IUPAC nomenclature.

2. Differentiate the nomenclature of carboxylic acids from that of other organic compounds.

Objective Sampingan:

1. Familiarize students with the chemical structures of carboxylic acids.
2. Cultivate observation and analytical skills by comparing different organic compounds.

Introduction

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The aim of this part of the lesson plan is to ignite students' interest in the topic by highlighting the significance of carboxylic acids in both daily life and the job market. This sets a solid foundation for students to grasp the practical importance of the content they will be exploring, leading to more engaged and meaningful learning.

Curiosities and Market Connection

 Curiosities: Carboxylic acids are responsible for unique smells and tastes, like formic acid, found in ants, and citric acid, which is abundant in citrus fruits.

 Market Connection: In the pharmaceutical sector, many active ingredients in medications originate from carboxylic acids, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). In the polymer sector, terephthalic acid is crucial for producing PET, a widely used material in plastic packaging.

Contextualization

Carboxylic acids are a key group of organic compounds found in numerous everyday contexts, from food and medicines to industrial applications. Understanding their nomenclature is crucial for clear and effective communication in both academic and professional settings. For example, acetic acid, which gives vinegar its distinct flavor, is a common and significant carboxylic acid.

Initial Activity

易 Initial Activity: Show a brief video (3-5 minutes) about how carboxylic acids are used in our daily lives and industries. Then pose a thought-provoking question: 'Did you know that the acid in vinegar is the same type of compound found in many medicines?' Encourage students to share examples of carboxylic acids they are familiar with or have come across.

Development

Duration: 55 - 65 minutes

The goal of this part of the lesson plan is to deepen students' knowledge of carboxylic acid nomenclature, promoting practical application and critical reflection. Through hands-on activities and fixation exercises, students will solidify their understanding and develop skills relevant for the workforce.

Topics

1. Definition and Structure of Carboxylic Acids

2. IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

3. Differentiation of Carboxylic Acids from Other Organic Compounds

4. Practical Applications of Carboxylic Acids

Thoughts on the Subject

Encourage students to ponder the significance of accurate nomenclature of carboxylic acids in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals and food production. Ask: 'How can precise scientific nomenclature influence the manufacturing and development of products in the workforce?'

Mini Challenge

Building the Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

Students will engage in a hands-on activity where they will construct molecular models of carboxylic acids using molecular model kits or recyclable materials. After building, they will name the compounds following IUPAC nomenclature.

1. Divide the class into small groups (3-4 students per group).

2. Hand out molecular model kits or recyclable materials (like sticks and clay) to each group.

3. Provide a list of carboxylic acids with varying chain lengths and branching for each group to create.

4. Have each group assemble the molecular models of the listed carboxylic acids.

5. Once built, each group must name the compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature.

6. Each group will present their models and names to the class, explaining the naming process.

Develop practical skills in molecular assembly and application of IUPAC nomenclature, fostering understanding and differentiation of carboxylic acids.

**Duration: 30 - 35 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Ask students to name the following carboxylic acids according to IUPAC nomenclature: CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH.

2. Request that students sketch the molecular structure of the following carboxylic acids: butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and 2-methylbutanoic acid.

3. Encourage students to compare and explain the differences in nomenclature between a carboxylic acid and its corresponding alcohol.

Conclusion

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The purpose of this segment of the lesson plan is to reinforce learning, highlighting the connection between theory and practice, while underscoring the applicability of knowledge regarding carboxylic acids in both professional and everyday contexts. This concluding moment allows students to contemplate what they have learned and how they can leverage this knowledge in their future careers.

Discussion

️ Discussion: Facilitate an open discussion where students can share their thoughts about the practical activities conducted. Ask: 'How did constructing the molecular models enhance your understanding of carboxylic acid nomenclature? What challenges did you face? How did you overcome them? Encourage students to reflect on how their newly acquired knowledge can be applied in real-world settings, such as in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Summary

 Summary: Review the main points covered in the lesson: definition and structure of carboxylic acids, IUPAC nomenclature, differentiation between carboxylic acids and other organic compounds, and their practical applications. Reinforce the significance of accurate nomenclature for effective scientific communication and documentation in professional environments.

Closing

 Closure: Clarify how the lesson connected theory and practice through interactive and engaging activities, with a focus on the construction of molecular models and the application of IUPAC nomenclature. Emphasize the importance of the knowledge gained for future job prospects and understanding chemical processes in daily life.