Lesson Plan | Lesson Plan Tradisional | Verbs: Passive Voice

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to provide a clear overview of the learning objectives, establishing a solid foundation for understanding verbs in the passive voice. This will help students focus on the specific skills they'll develop during the lesson, ensuring a strong base for applying the content in practice.

Objectives Utama:

1. Teach students the difference between active voice and passive voice.

2. Empower students to transform sentences from active voice to passive voice.

3. Ensure that students recognize verbs that are in the passive voice.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to show students the relevance and practical use of the passive voice, sparking their interest in the topic. This initial time also serves to prepare them for a deeper understanding of the content that will follow, ensuring they stay engaged right from the start.

Did you know?

An interesting tidbit is that the passive voice often appears in headlines and scientific papers to spotlight the outcome of an action rather than the doer. For instance, in a headline like 'A new vaccine was developed', the focus is on the vaccine itself, not on the scientists behind it. This can help students grasp the real-world importance of mastering the passive voice.

Contextualization

To kick off the lesson on passive voice verbs, let students know that this structure is commonly used in English, particularly in formal, scientific, and journalistic writing. Give examples of typical sentences where the passive voice appears, like in news articles ('The suspect was taken into custody by the police') or academic publications ('The experiment was carried out by the research team'). Emphasize that understanding the passive voice is key for both comprehension and production of texts in English, as well as for enhancing clarity in communication.

Concepts

Duration: (40 - 50 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to give students a practical understanding of passive voice, emphasizing sentence transformation and proper identification of the structure. This section aims to reinforce theoretical knowledge through practical examples and guided exercises, ensuring students can recognize and effectively use passive voice in various situations.

Relevant Topics

1. Definition of Active and Passive Voice: Explain that in active voice, the subject performs the verb's action (for instance, 'The cat chased the mouse'), while in passive voice, the subject receives the action (for example, 'The mouse was chased by the cat').

2. Structure of Passive Voice: Detail the basic structure of the passive voice, formed by the verb 'to be' conjugated correctly in the required tense, followed by the past participle of the main verb (for example, 'is eaten', 'was eaten', 'will be eaten').

3. Transformation of Sentences: Show how to convert a sentence from active to passive voice, using clear examples like: Active: 'The chef cooked the meal.' Passive: 'The meal was cooked by the chef.'

4. Use of the Agent: Explain when the agent (the doer of the action) is included in the passive voice using 'by'. Provide sentences where the agent is essential and where it can be left out.

5. Identification of Passive Voice: Demonstrate how to spot sentences in passive voice across different verb tenses. Use varied examples such as 'The book is being read', 'The project had been completed', 'The cake will be baked.'

To Reinforce Learning

1. Transform the following sentence from active to passive voice: 'The teacher explains the lesson.'

2. Identify whether this sentence is in active or passive voice: 'The homework was completed by the student.'

3. Complete the passive sentence: 'The match __________ (win) by our team.'

Feedback

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

The aim of this stage of the lesson plan is to cement the knowledge gained during the lesson, allowing students to clarify any lingering questions and review what they learned. This feedback section fosters active participation, promoting reflection and conversation about how to effectively use the passive voice while reinforcing comprehension and accuracy in using this grammatical structure.

Diskusi Concepts

1. Discussion of Presented Questions: 2. Transform the following sentence from active to passive voice: 'The teacher explains the lesson.' 3. Answer: 'The lesson is explained by the teacher.' 4. Explanation: The active voice sentence has 'the teacher' as the subject doing the action of 'explains' on 'the lesson'. In the passive voice, 'the lesson' becomes the subject, followed by 'is' (the form of 'to be' in simple present) and the past participle 'explained'. The agent 'by the teacher' indicates who completed the action. 5. Identify whether the sentence is in active or passive voice: 'The homework was completed by the student.' 6. Answer: Passive voice. 7. Explanation: The structure of the sentence ('was completed by the student') shows that 'the homework' is receiving the action, and 'was completed' uses the verb 'to be' in the past (was) followed by the past participle 'completed'. The agent 'by the student' specifies the doer of the action. 8. Complete the passive sentence: 'The match __________ (win) by our team.' 9. Answer: 'The match was won by our team.' 10. Explanation: The passive sentence takes the verb 'to be' in the past (was) followed by the past participle 'won'. The agent 'by our team' reveals who claimed victory in the match.

Engaging Students

1. Questions and Reflections: 2. Why is it crucial to know how to convert sentences from active to passive voice in different contexts? 3. In what situations can passive voice be more beneficial than active voice? 4. How might choosing between active and passive voice shape the clarity and emphasis of a message? 5. What are some examples of texts or scenarios where passive voice is more commonly used? 6. Encourage students to create a sentence in active voice and then convert it into passive voice, explaining their process.

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to recap the key points covered, reinforcing the knowledge gained. Through the summary and link to practice, students can reflect on the practical relevance of the concepts learned. This segment also stresses the significance of the topic in everyday communication, motivating students to effectively use the passive voice in their writing.

Summary

['Definition of active and passive voice.', "Basic structure of passive voice (verb 'to be' + past participle).", 'Transformation of sentences from active to passive voice.', 'Use of the agent in passive voice and when it can be left out.', 'Identification of passive voice sentences across different verb tenses.']

Connection

The lesson connected theory with practice by thoroughly explaining the structures and rules of the passive voice and providing practical examples for converting sentences and identifying verbs in the passive voice. Guided exercises allowed students to immediately apply what they learned, consolidating knowledge in a practical and relevant manner.

Theme Relevance

Understanding and using the passive voice is crucial not only for crafting formal texts in English but also for interpreting information in various realms such as journalism, science, and literature. The ability to convert sentences and identify the passive voice boosts clarity and precision in communication while enhancing comprehension of complex texts.