Lesson Plan | Lesson Plan Iteratif Teachy | Totalitarian Regimes in Europe: Francoism and Salazarism

Goal

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

The aim of this stage is to provide an overview of the objectives guiding the learning process, ensuring students appreciate the relevance of the topics covered and can adequately prepare for upcoming practical activities. This will help set clear expectations and focus on enhancing the skills required to identify and comprehend the totalitarian regimes of Franco and Salazar.

Goal Utama:

1. Identify the characteristics of totalitarian regimes in Europe during the 20th century, specifically focusing on Spain and Portugal.

2. Understand the effects of Franco and Salazar's regimes on the social, political, and economic landscape of their countries.

Goal Sekunder:

1. Relate the historical contexts of Spain and Portugal to other totalitarian regimes that arose in Europe during that period.

Introduction

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

🎯 Purpose: This stage aims to contextualize students within the lesson topic, activating prior knowledge and sparking engagement and curiosity. It sets the foundation for a productive debate, enabling students to share insights and draw connections between their previous studies and fresh discoveries.

Warming Up

📝 Warm-Up: Kick off the topic by highlighting that totalitarian regimes in Europe, such as Francoism and Salazarism, have profoundly influenced the history of their nations. Encourage students to use their phones to research an intriguing fact about Franco's rule in Spain or Salazar's governance in Portugal. Each student will then share their find with the class.

Initial Thoughts

1. ❓ What was the social impact of Franco's regime in Spain?

2. ❓ How did Salazar's policies shape Portugal's economy?

3. ❓ What were the primary differences and similarities between Francoism and Salazarism?

4. ❓ How do these totalitarian regimes compare to those of Hitler and Mussolini?

5. ❓ How did the reality of post-World War II Europe reflect the influence of these regimes?

Development

Duration: 75 - 90 minutes

The goal of this stage is to provide students with a lively, interactive, and contemporary method to deepen their understanding of Franco and Salazar's totalitarian regimes. By incorporating digital technologies, the activities foster collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking, enhancing the learning process and making it more engaging and significant for students.

Activity Suggestions

Activity Recommendations

Activity 1 - 🌐 Creating a History Blog

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Goal: Encourage students to employ historical research and creative writing skills while exploring in-depth the regimes of Franco and Salazar on a modern digital platform.

- Deskripsi Activity: Students will collaborate to create a blog that simulates a digital newspaper from the time of Franco and Salazar's regimes. Each group will develop posts that include news, fictional interviews, historical images, and analyses of key events from these eras, utilizing online blogging platforms.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group should select one of the two regimes (Francoism or Salazarism) as their focus.

• Use free blogging platforms like WordPress or Blogger to set up their digital space.

• Students will create posts simulating news from the time, fictional interviews with characters inspired by real-life figures, and analyses of significant policies and events.

• Each group must include at least five posts featuring multimedia (images, videos, links) to enhance the authenticity of the blog.

• At the end of the activity, groups will present their blogs to the class, emphasizing the main points covered.

Activity 2 - 📲 Historical Influencers on Instagram

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Goal: Facilitate students' use of a popular social media platform to reimagine and experience historical aspects of Franco and Salazar's regimes, providing an immersive and interactive learning experience.

- Deskripsi Activity: Students will create fictional Instagram profiles for historical figures from Franco and Salazar's dictatorships. They will craft posts and stories that reflect these characters' lives and perspectives, incorporating suitable images, videos, and captions.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Each group must select a significant historical character (a leader, an opponent, an ordinary citizen, etc.) for their fictional Instagram profile.

• Students should create posts and stories portraying the daily life, historical events, and policies of the time, using images and videos they find or create.

• Each group must produce at least ten posts and five stories, utilizing hashtags and engaging with other fictional profiles.

• Groups will present their profiles, explaining their post and story choices, and how these represent facets of the chosen totalitarian regime.

Activity 3 - 🕹️ Gamification: Mission Franco & Salazar

> Duration: 60 - 70 minutes

- Goal: Encourage student engagement through gamification, inspiring them to learn about Franco and Salazar's regimes in a fun and interactive manner.

- Deskripsi Activity: Students will engage in a game where they solve mysteries and missions based on real historical events from the dictatorships of Franco and Salazar. They will utilize an online gamification tool to tackle challenges and quizzes.

- Instructions:

• Split the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Use a gamification platform (like Kahoot! or Quizizz) to create a game with questions, missions, and challenges based on historical events from Franco and Salazar's regimes.

• Each group should register on the platform and begin their mission.

• Students must accurately answer questions and complete challenges to advance in the game, learning more about the events and policies with each step.

• The group that successfully completes all tasks correctly and in the shortest time will be declared the winner.

• After the game, gather the students for a discussion on what they learned and how engaging with history through gaming felt.

Feedback

Duration: 20 - 25 minutes

🎯 Purpose: This stage's goal is to consolidate learning, reflect on the practical experiences, and foster a collaborative growth environment through mutual feedback exchange. Group discussions enable students to share their insights and learnings, while the 360° feedback promotes the development of interpersonal skills and teamwork.

Group Discussion

🗣️ Group Discussion: Facilitate a discussion among all students where groups share their learnings from the practical activities. Use the following guide to steer the conversation:

1. Introduction: Ask each group about their thoughts on the activities and how they found working with digital tools to explore the subject matter.
2. Learnings: Encourage groups to share major discoveries and insights they gained during the process of creating blogs, Instagram profiles, and participating in gamification.
3. Challenges: Invite students to discuss any difficulties they faced and the strategies they employed to overcome these obstacles.
4. Interconnections: Prompt students to relate what they learned about Franco and Salazar's regimes to other historical periods or current situations.
5. Conclusion: Wrap up the discussion by highlighting important points and encouraging reflections on the significance of understanding totalitarian regimes in Europe.

Reflections

1. 🔍 How did employing digital tools contribute to your understanding of Franco and Salazar's regimes? 2. 🔍 Which facets of these dictatorships resonated with you the most, and why? 3. 🔍 What comparisons can you draw between the totalitarian regimes studied and current political trends?

Feedback 360º

🌟 360° Feedback: Guide students to engage in a 360° feedback session, where each group member provides constructive feedback to their peers. Encourage the class to adhere to these feedback guidelines:

1. Be specific: Mention specific behaviors and contributions that were beneficial to the group.
2. Be constructive: Address any areas for improvement respectfully and suggest practical solutions.
3. Be balanced: Strive to deliver balanced feedback, incorporating positive remarks along with suggestions for growth.
4. Be respectful: Maintain a tone of respect and empathy while giving feedback to peers.

Conclusion

Duration: 10 - 15 minutes

🎯 Purpose: This stage aims to ensure that students leave the lesson with a clear and applicable understanding of the subject at hand. Summarizing the main points in a creative way assists in solidifying knowledge, while linking back to contemporary issues and practical applications reinforces the relevance of the topic and its importance in fostering critical thinking.

Summary

🎥 Cinematic Summary: Picture a movie set in 20th-century Europe. Scenes of political unrest, passionate speeches, and intense conflicts. On one side stands Francisco Franco, the Spanish general who seized power through the Civil War, establishing a dictatorship that lasted nearly four decades. Opposing him is Salazar, the Portuguese economist and politician who enforced strict autocratic control over Portugal through his Estado Novo policy for many years. Both regimes left their countries with oppressive policies, censorship, and rigid social control, creating lingering scars that still resonate today.

World

🌍 Connecting to Today's World: In an era where misinformation and manipulation of facts are rampant, comprehending how regimes like Franco and Salazar retained their grip on power is increasingly vital. With social media's influence, we can now observe how current leaders manipulate and control public perception. Understanding these historical regimes aids us in recognizing signs of authoritarianism and appreciating democracy and the freedom to express oneself.

Applications

💡 Real-World Applications: Studying totalitarian regimes like Francoism and Salazarism helps students cultivate a critical perspective on politics and society. This critical awareness is essential for developing mindful citizens who can identify and counter authoritarian tendencies in any context, be it political, social, or even within the workplace.