Rencana Pelajaran | Metodologi Aktif | Verbs: Gerunds and Infinitives

Prinsip: Rencana Pelajaran Aktif ini mengasumsikan: durasi kelas 100 menit, studi sebelumnya oleh siswa baik dengan Buku maupun awal pengembangan Proyek dan bahwa hanya satu kegiatan (di antara tiga yang disarankan) akan dipilih untuk dilaksanakan selama kelas, karena setiap kegiatan dirancang untuk mengambil sebagian besar waktu yang tersedia.

Tujuan

Durasi: (5 - 10 minutes)

The objectives stage aims to set clear learning goals for the lesson, guiding students on what they should be able to accomplish by the end of the session. This is crucial for aligning expectations and focussing students' attention, ensuring that all classroom efforts are aimed at achieving specific skills related to the use of gerunds and infinitives in English.

Tujuan Utama:

1. Enable students to correctly use verbs in gerund and infinitive forms, identifying and applying the rules of usage in various contexts.

2. Develop the ability to identify gerund and infinitive verbs in texts, which will aid in understanding and interpreting English materials.

Tujuan Tambahan:

1. Encourage active participation from students through group discussions, fostering a collaborative learning atmosphere.

Pengantar

Durasi: (15 - 20 minutes)

The introduction phase aims to engage students with previously learned content, using problem situations that prompt them to reflect and apply their knowledge practically. By contextualizing gerunds and infinitives with relatable examples from daily life and media, students can appreciate the relevance of the topic and its application in real situations, enhancing their interest and motivation for learning.

Situasi Berbasis Masalah

1. Ask students to identify gerund and infinitive verbs from a list of sentences projected on the board. Challenge them to discuss in pairs or small groups the possible rules about using these verb forms.

2. Provide a short text highlighting gerund and infinitive verb usage without explicitly stating their forms. Have students underline the verbs and discuss in groups the reason behind their choice.

Kontekstualisasi

Explain the importance of using gerunds and infinitives accurately in English, showcasing how these verb forms appear frequently in everyday life—like instruction manuals, recipes, and commonly used idioms. Include examples from popular Bollywood songs, films, or news stories that students may have encountered to link learning to real-world applications.

Pengembangan

Durasi: (75 - 80 minutes)

The development phase is crafted to allow students to practically and dynamically apply their knowledge about gerunds and infinitives. Working in groups enables them to converse, collaborate, and create, reinforcing their grasp of the subject while also developing social and teamwork skills. Each proposed activity aims to consolidate learning in an engaging and contextual manner, ensuring that knowledge is retained in an enjoyable and meaningful way.

Saran Kegiatan

Disarankan hanya satu dari kegiatan yang disarankan yang dilaksanakan

Kegiatan 1 - Grammar Cinema: The Drama of Verbs

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Practice the correct application of gerunds and infinitives in a creative and fun setting, while also enhancing teamwork and presentation skills.

- Deskripsi: In this activity, students will be divided into groups of up to 5 members to create a short screenplay that creatively and correctly uses gerund and infinitive verbs. The genre can be a comedy or drama where characters find themselves in scenarios necessitating these verb forms. Each group is expected to write the script, perform, and film their short movie in English.

- Instruksi:

• Divide the class into groups of no more than 5 students.

• Explain that each group should create a script for a short film in English, correctly incorporating gerunds and infinitives.

• The scripts can revolve around everyday situations, like a romantic outing, travel experiences, or a humorous mix-up in a restaurant.

• Students should rehearse and film the script using a smartphone or any available camera.

• After filming, each group will present their short film to the class, followed by a brief discussion on the usage of gerunds and infinitives encountered.

Kegiatan 2 - Grammar Mission: Gerunds and Infinitives Around the World

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Reinforce the understanding and practical application of gerunds and infinitives, encouraging interaction and collaboration among classmates.

- Deskripsi: Students, organized into groups, will engage in a 'treasure hunt' around the school, where each clue conceals the correct use of a verb in gerund or infinitive form. Solving each clue accurately allows students to progress to the next one until they discover the 'treasure,' which is a complete sentence created using correctly applied verbs.

- Instruksi:

• Prepare clues in advance that lead students to various locations in the school where they can find key words (the verbs in gerund or infinitive).

• Split students into groups and hand out the first clue.

• Every rightly solved clue leads to the next, creating a sequence that culminates in the 'treasure sentence.'

• Groups should note the key words and use them to form a coherent sentence at the end of the activity.

• To add difficulty, include misleading clues that lead to grammatical errors, urging students to think critically.

Kegiatan 3 - Sentence Builders: Verb Workshop

> Durasi: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Tujuan: Enhance the ability to construct correct and imaginative sentences using gerunds and infinitives, along with fostering teamwork.

- Deskripsi: In this workshop, students will use cards with infinitive and gerund verbs to build sentences. Each group will receive a set of cards and must create the maximum number of correct and creative sentences within a specific time frame.

- Instruksi:

• Prepare sets of cards featuring infinitive and gerund verbs (one verb per card).

• Split students into groups and distribute the card sets.

• Establish a time limit for the activity.

• Groups must form the largest number of possible sentences with the cards, adhering to the rules for arranging verbs in gerund and infinitive forms.

• At the end of the time period, each group will present their sentences and discuss their grammatical choices with the class.

Umpan Balik

Durasi: (10 - 15 minutes)

The goal of this lesson phase is to cement learning through reflection and sharing experiences. Group discussions provide an opportunity for students to articulate what they have learned, which can help reinforce knowledge and correct misunderstandings. Additionally, this stage promotes communication and argumentation skills, fundamental for students' academic and personal growth.

Diskusi Kelompok

To kick off the group discussion, the teacher can ask each group to share their main findings and challenges faced during the activities. One way to structure this exchange is to begin with a round of presentations, where each group shares about their project. Subsequently, the teacher can dive deeper, prompting students about their creative process, hurdles they encountered, and solutions they devised. Encourage students to reflect on common mistakes and insights gained.

Pertanyaan Kunci

1. What were the primary challenges your group faced while applying gerunds and infinitives in your scripts or sentences from the activity?

2. How did you decide to incorporate gerunds or infinitives in various sections of the script or sentences?

3. Was there any mistake you noticed only during the presentation? How did you rectify it?

Kesimpulan

Durasi: (5 - 10 minutes)

The conclusion phase serves to ensure that students possess a clear and consolidated understanding of the topics addressed throughout the lesson. Summarizing the key points aids in knowledge retention, and elucidating the practical application of what they've learned reinforces the content's relevance for real-life situations. This stage also establishes a foundation for future learning, highlighting the importance of the content for the ongoing development of students' language skills.

Ringkasan

At the conclusion of the lesson, the teacher will recap the main topics discussed regarding the use of gerunds and infinitives, revisiting the formation rules and their applications in different contexts. Key examples from the activities will be highlighted, reinforcing both practical and theoretical learning.

Koneksi Teori

The teacher will explain how this lesson connected theory to practice through engaging activities, such as screenplay creation, the treasure hunt, and sentence building. These activities allowed students to apply their theoretical insights creatively and contextually, showcasing the relevance and applicability of gerunds and infinitives in daily life and popular media.

Penutupan

Ultimately, the significance of correctly using gerunds and infinitives in English will be emphasized, underlining how these verb forms are essential for effective communication across various contexts, from academic settings to professional environments. Students will be encouraged to keep practicing the use of these forms in their everyday language use.