Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Understanding of personal pronouns in English: Students should be able to understand the concept of personal pronouns in English, their functions, and how they differ from personal pronouns in Portuguese.

2. Identification and correct use of personal pronouns: Students should be able to identify the different personal pronouns in English and use them correctly in sentences and appropriate contexts.

3. Understanding the importance of personal pronouns in English discourse: Students should understand the relevance of personal pronouns in English discourse and how they contribute to the clarity and fluency of communication.

Secondary Objectives:

• Development of listening and speaking skills in English: The constant and correct use of personal pronouns in English will help students improve their listening and speaking skills in the language.

• Practice of writing in English: Through writing activities, students will have the opportunity to practice the correct use of personal pronouns in English, thus improving their writing skills in the language.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of related content: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the content related to pronouns in general and the basic sentence structure in English. This can be done through initial questions to assess students' prior knowledge and prepare them for the new topic.

2. Problem-solving situations: The teacher can propose two problem-solving situations to stimulate students' thinking. The first may involve the need to replace a repetitive noun in a sentence to make it more fluent. The second may involve comparing how personal pronouns are used in English and Portuguese, highlighting the differences and similarities.

3. Contextualization: The teacher should explain the importance of personal pronouns in everyday communication, both in English and Portuguese. It should be emphasized that the correct use of personal pronouns contributes to communication clarity and the construction of more natural and fluent sentences.

4. Engaging students' attention: To spark students' interest, the teacher can share some curiosities about personal pronouns in English. For example, it can be mentioned that English is one of the few languages that has separate personal pronouns for the second person plural (you) and the second person singular (thou), although the use of 'thou' has fallen out of use in most modern English variants.

5. Introduction to the topic: Finally, the teacher should introduce the topic of the lesson, personal pronouns in English, explaining that they are used to replace nouns and that, unlike Portuguese, English has separate personal pronouns for the second person singular (you) and plural (you all).

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Dramatization activity (10 - 15 minutes): The teacher should divide the class into groups of 4 to 5 students. Each group will receive a short script of an everyday situation, such as a dialogue between friends, a family conversation, a situation in a store, etc. The scripts should contain blank spaces where students should fill in appropriate personal pronouns in English.

   • Step 1: The teacher should distribute the scripts and explain the instructions. Each group should work together to fill in the blank spaces with the correct personal pronouns.

   • Step 2: After all groups have finished, each one should present their dramatization to the class. While watching the dramatizations, other students should try to identify the personal pronouns used and verify if they were used correctly.

   • Step 3: At the end of all presentations, the teacher should review with the class, correcting any errors and reinforcing the proper use of personal pronouns.

   This activity promotes oral and auditory practice of personal pronouns, as well as stimulates group cooperation and creativity.

2. Pronoun treasure hunt activity (10 minutes): The teacher should prepare a list of simple sentences containing personal pronouns in English in advance. The sentences should be divided into words and hidden around the classroom.

   • Step 1: The teacher should divide the class into groups and explain the rules of the activity. Each group should find the hidden words and use them to form the correct sentences.

   • Step 2: The first group to form all sentences correctly is the winner. The teacher should check the answers to ensure that personal pronouns were used correctly.

   This activity helps students practice identifying and using personal pronouns correctly in a playful and fun way. Additionally, it promotes interaction among students and teamwork.

3. Creative writing activity (5 - 10 minutes): The teacher should ask students to individually write a short story or dialogue in English, using as many personal pronouns as possible.

   • Step 1: The teacher should provide a theme for the story/dialogue, such as 'a day at the beach' or 'a conversation between friends'.

   • Step 2: Students should write their stories/dialogues, paying attention to the correct use of personal pronouns.

   • Step 3: After a set time, the teacher should collect the stories and dialogues and correct them for the next meeting.

   This activity allows students to practice using personal pronouns more autonomously, while stimulating creativity and writing in English.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group discussion (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should gather all students and start a group discussion about the activities carried out. Each group will have up to 3 minutes to share their solutions or conclusions. During the discussion, the teacher should encourage students to explain their choices and justify the use of personal pronouns in their dramatizations or stories.

   • Step 1: The teacher should start the discussion by asking each group to briefly share their dramatization or story.

   • Step 2: Other students should be encouraged to ask questions and provide constructive feedback on their classmates' presentations.

   • Step 3: The teacher should intervene, if necessary, to correct or clarify the use of personal pronouns in English, reinforcing the rules and differences compared to Portuguese.

2. Connection to theory (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should briefly review the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson and show how it applies to the practical activities carried out. Common errors found in the dramatizations and stories should be highlighted, and the rules for using personal pronouns in English should be explained again.

   • Step 1: The teacher should select some examples from the students' dramatizations and stories to illustrate the review points.

   • Step 2: Students should be encouraged to participate, sharing their reflections on the activities and asking questions to clarify any remaining doubts.

3. Individual reflection (2 - 3 minutes): To conclude the lesson, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they have learned. The teacher can ask questions such as:

   1. What was the most important concept you learned today?

   2. What questions have not been answered yet?

   • Step 1: The teacher should ask students to write down their answers in one minute.

   • Step 2: After one minute, the teacher should invite some students to share their reflections with the class, if they wish.

This Feedback stage is essential to consolidate students' learning, allowing them to reflect on what they have learned and identify any areas of confusion or difficulty that may need future review. Additionally, it promotes active student participation, encouraging them to share their ideas and questions.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Content summary (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should summarize the main points covered during the lesson, reinforcing the definition and correct use of personal pronouns in English. Additionally, the differences between the use of personal pronouns in English and Portuguese should be recalled.

2. Connection between theory and practice (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should explain how the practical activities carried out during the lesson helped students apply theory in practice. It should be highlighted how the dramatizations, pronoun treasure hunt, and creative writing activity allowed students to practice using personal pronouns in a playful and meaningful way.

3. Extra materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest additional study materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of personal pronouns in English. This may include English learning websites, such as Duolingo or Khan Academy, which offer interactive lessons and practical exercises on personal pronouns. Additionally, the teacher may suggest English grammar books or dictionaries that contain complete lists of personal pronouns and examples of usage.

4. Application in daily life (1 - 2 minutes): Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of personal pronouns in daily communication, both in English and Portuguese. It should be explained that the correct use of personal pronouns contributes to communication clarity and fluency, making sentences shorter, concise, and easy to understand. Additionally, the teacher can mention that mastering personal pronouns in English can be useful in various situations, such as international travel, watching movies or series in English, or communicating with people from different countries who speak English.

The Conclusion is a crucial part of the lesson, as it allows the teacher to reinforce the main learning points, provide guidance for future study, and show the relevance of the topic to students' daily lives. By doing so, the teacher helps consolidate students' knowledge and motivates them to continue learning.