Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the concept of Coefficient of Restitution (e): Students should be able to define the Coefficient of Restitution (e) and explain its meaning in the context of collisions. They should understand that the Coefficient of Restitution is a measure of the elasticity of a collision, ranging from 0 to 1, where 1 represents a perfectly elastic collision and 0 a perfectly inelastic collision.

2. Calculating the Coefficient of Restitution (e): Students should learn how to calculate the Coefficient of Restitution (e) using the final velocity and the relative velocity before and after a collision. They should be able to apply the formula correctly and solve related problems.

3. Interpreting and analyzing collisions using the Coefficient of Restitution (e): Students should be able to interpret the value of the Coefficient of Restitution (e) and use it to analyze what happens during a collision. They should understand that a value of e close to 1 indicates an elastic collision, while a value close to 0 indicates an inelastic collision.

   Secondary Objectives:

   • Applying the concept of Coefficient of Restitution (e) in everyday situations or practical experiments.
   • Developing problem-solving skills and critical thinking through the practice of calculations and analysis of collision situations.

The teacher should clearly explain the lesson Objectives, ensuring that students understand what is expected of them and how these Objectives relate to the lesson topic. Additionally, the teacher should encourage students to ask questions and actively participate in the lesson to enhance their understanding of the topic.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Concepts: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the concepts of impulse and momentum that were discussed in previous classes. This will help establish the necessary foundation for understanding the day's topic. The teacher can do this through a brief discussion, asking students what they remember about these concepts and providing explanations and examples as needed.

2. Problem Situation 1 - The Pool Game: The teacher should then introduce a problem situation that will serve as a hook for the Introduction to the topic. He can ask students: "Why, when we play pool, does a white ball hit a colored ball and both change direction and speed? What happens to impulse and momentum in this situation?" The teacher should allow students to think about the question for a moment before proceeding.

3. Contextualization 1 - Car Accidents: The teacher can then mention how understanding the Coefficient of Restitution can be applied in everyday situations, such as in car accidents. He can explain that during a collision, the Coefficient of Restitution determines whether the impact will be absorbed, resulting in minimal damage to the vehicle and passengers, or transferred, resulting in significant damage.

4. Problem Situations 2 - The Car Accident: The teacher can then present a second problem situation. He can ask students: "If two cars collide at a certain speed, how can you determine if the collision was elastic or inelastic? And if one of the cars was stationary, how would that affect the collision?" The teacher should encourage students to try to answer these questions based on what they already know, reminding them that they will learn a tool to solve this type of problem in today's lesson.

5. Attention Gain: To draw students' attention to the topic, the teacher can share some curiosities or practical applications of the Coefficient of Restitution. For example, he can mention how this concept is used in sports like tennis, where the ball must be "bounced" instead of "damped" when hitting the racket, or in winter sports like curling, where the ability to "control" the collision is crucial.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory - Definition and Formula of the Coefficient of Restitution (e) (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should start the theoretical part of the lesson by explaining what the Coefficient of Restitution (e) is. He should emphasize that the Coefficient of Restitution is a measure of the elasticity of a collision, ranging from 0 to 1, where 1 represents a perfectly elastic collision and 0 a perfectly inelastic collision. The teacher should then present the formula for the Coefficient of Restitution:

   e = (Vf2 - Vf1) / (Vi1 - Vi2)

   Where:

   • e = Coefficient of Restitution
   • Vf1, Vf2 = Final velocities of the objects after the collision
   • Vi1, Vi2 = Initial velocities of the objects before the collision

   The teacher should explain that to calculate the Coefficient of Restitution, we need to know the initial and final velocities of the objects involved in the collision.

2. Theory - Types of Collisions (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should then explain the different types of collisions based on the Coefficient of Restitution. He should emphasize that:

   • In an elastic collision, the Coefficient of Restitution is 1, and the kinetic energy and momentum are conserved.
   • In an inelastic collision, the Coefficient of Restitution is 0, and the kinetic energy is not fully conserved.

3. Practice - Calculating the Coefficient of Restitution (e) (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should then demonstrate how to calculate the Coefficient of Restitution using the formula. He should use a simple, step-by-step example to ensure that students understand the process. The teacher should encourage students to ask questions and actively participate in the lesson during this demonstration.

4. Practice - Problem Solving (5 - 7 minutes): After the demonstration, the teacher should propose some problems for students to solve in small groups. The problems should involve calculating the Coefficient of Restitution and interpreting the result. The teacher should circulate around the room, assisting the groups as needed and encouraging discussion and critical thinking.

5. Theory - Interpreting the Coefficient of Restitution (e) (3 - 5 minutes): Finally, the teacher should explain how to interpret the value of the Coefficient of Restitution. He should emphasize that the value of the Coefficient of Restitution tells us whether the collision was elastic (e close to 1) or inelastic (e close to 0). The teacher should review the solved examples and discussed problems to reinforce this idea.

The teacher should ensure that students fully understand the concept of the Coefficient of Restitution and feel comfortable calculating and interpreting the value of the Coefficient of Restitution. He should encourage students to ask questions and actively participate in the lesson so they can strengthen their understanding of the topic.

Return (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should start a group discussion, inviting students to share their solutions and conclusions from the problems that were proposed during the lesson. He should encourage students to explain their answers, highlighting the reasoning behind them. This will not only help verify students' understanding of the topic but also promote the exchange of ideas and collaboration among students.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then connect practice to theory, reviewing the key concepts that were discussed during the lesson and explaining how they apply to the problems that were solved. He should reinforce the importance of the Coefficient of Restitution in understanding collisions and predicting their effects.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they learned during the lesson. He can do this by asking questions such as:

   1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
   2. What questions have not been answered yet?
   3. How can you apply what you learned today in everyday situations?

   Students should have a minute to think about their answers. The teacher can then ask for some volunteers to share their answers with the class. This will allow the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and identify any gaps in students' understanding that need to be addressed in future lessons.

4. Teacher Feedback (2 - 3 minutes): Finally, the teacher should provide feedback to students on their performance during the lesson. He should praise students' efforts, highlight areas where they demonstrated a good understanding, and offer suggestions for improvements. The teacher should encourage students to continue practicing and to ask for help whenever needed.

The Return is a crucial part of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to assess the effectiveness of his instruction, helps students consolidate what they have learned, and provides guidance for future lessons. Therefore, the teacher should ensure that this step is carried out effectively and meaningfully, allowing all students to participate and benefit from it.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should start the Conclusion of the lesson by giving a brief summary of the most important contents that were covered. He should recall the definition of the Coefficient of Restitution (e) and its formula, the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions, and the importance of the Coefficient of Restitution in the analysis of collisions. The teacher can use graphs or drawings to illustrate the concepts and help reinforce students' understanding.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should then reiterate how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. He should highlight how the theory of the Coefficient of Restitution was applied in practice, through the calculation and interpretation of collision problems. The teacher should also reinforce the applications of the Coefficient of Restitution in everyday situations, such as in car accidents and sports.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge on the topic. He can recommend books, articles, videos, or websites that explain the Coefficient of Restitution in more detail, or that offer more examples and problems for practice. The teacher can also suggest simple experiments that students can do at home to observe collisions and calculate the Coefficient of Restitution.

4. Importance of the Topic (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of the lesson topic for students' everyday lives. He can mention again how the concept of the Coefficient of Restitution is applied in various situations, from preventing car accidents to performance in sports. The teacher should encourage students to realize the relevance of Physics in their lives and to apply what they have learned to understand and analyze the world around them.

The Conclusion of the lesson is an opportunity for the teacher to reinforce the concepts learned, connect theory to practice and applications, and encourage students' continued interest in the topic. Therefore, the teacher should ensure that this step is carried out clearly and effectively, consolidating students' understanding and motivating them to continue learning.