Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Understand the concept of uniform circular motion as a motion where the object moves in a circular path with constant speed.

   • This objective is essential to ensure that students have a solid foundation for the rest of the class. They should understand that in uniform circular motion, the tangential velocity of the object does not change, but its direction changes continuously.

2. Calculate the quantities involved in uniform circular motion, such as angular velocity, period, frequency, and the radius of the path.

   • This objective aims to enable students to apply theory in practice by solving problems related to uniform circular motion. They should be able to understand the formulas involved and apply them correctly to obtain the correct answers.

3. Identify and solve problems involving the motion of bodies in circular paths.

   • In this objective, students should be able to recognize everyday situations where uniform circular motion is present and solve problems associated with these situations. This will help reinforce the applicability of the learned content.

Secondary Objectives:

• Stimulate critical thinking and problem-solving skills of students, encouraging them to think logically and analytically.
• Promote interaction among students, encouraging them to discuss and collaborate in problem-solving.
• Develop students' ability to apply theory in practice, demonstrating the relevance and usefulness of the learned content.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content (3 - 5 minutes):

   • The teacher starts the lesson by reviewing the concepts of average velocity, instantaneous velocity, average acceleration, and instantaneous acceleration, which were studied earlier. These concepts are fundamental for understanding uniform circular motion. The teacher may ask questions to the students to verify if they remember the concepts and how they apply.

2. Problem Situations (3 - 5 minutes):

   • To spark students' interest, the teacher presents two problem situations:
     1. Imagine a car on a circular race track. The car is always at a constant speed, but its direction constantly changes. How can we describe this motion?
     2. Imagine a pendulum swinging in a circle. The pendulum swings left and right, but always at the same speed. How can we calculate the angular velocity of this pendulum?
   • The teacher asks the students to think about these situations and how they may be related to uniform circular motion.

3. Contextualization (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher contextualizes the importance of uniform circular motion, highlighting its presence in various everyday situations and in various areas of science and engineering. For example, the motion of a bicycle wheel, the motion of planets around the sun, the motion of electrons around the nucleus of an atom, among others.

4. Engaging Students' Attention (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To capture students' attention, the teacher can share curiosities or stories related to the theme. For example, the curiosity that in uniform circular motion, the tangential velocity and the angular velocity are always equal. Another curiosity is that the centripetal force required to keep an object in circular motion is provided by the tension in the string or by the friction of the tires with the road.
   • The teacher can also mention that uniform circular motion is widely used in technologies we use in our daily lives, such as cars, bicycles, clocks, fans, among others.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Practical Activity with Rope and Ball (10 - 12 minutes):

   • To start the practice, the teacher divides the class into groups of up to 5 students. Each group receives a ball and a rope.
   • The teacher instructs the students to tie the rope to the ball, holding the other end of the rope, and to rotate the ball around their heads, maintaining a constant speed.
   • While the students perform the activity, the teacher circulates around the room, observing and guiding. It is important for the students to maintain a constant speed and for the rope not to wrap around their bodies.
   • After some time, the teacher interrupts the activity and initiates a classroom discussion. He questions the students about the motion the ball performed, the force they felt while holding the rope, and the relationship between the ball's speed and the rope's radius.
   • The teacher then instructs the students to write down their observations and reflections to be discussed later.

2. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher gathers all students and asks each group to share their observations and reflections from the practical activity.
   • The teacher guides the students to make connections between what they observed in the activity and the theory of uniform circular motion. For example, the rope represents the path's radius, the ball represents the moving object, and the speed at which the ball moves is related to the angular velocity.
   • The teacher encourages the participation of all students, asking questions to verify understanding and clarify possible doubts.

3. Problem Solving (5 - 6 minutes):

   • After the discussion, the teacher presents some problems related to uniform circular motion to the students. Each group of students receives a set of problems to solve.
   • The problems are designed to apply the theory of uniform circular motion in practical situations. For example, calculating the angular velocity of a bicycle wheel, the period of a pendulum, the centripetal force required to keep an object in circular motion, among others.
   • The teacher circulates around the room, assisting groups facing difficulties and encouraging those making progress.
   • At the end of the activity, the teacher gathers all students again and reviews the problems, clarifying any remaining doubts.

4. Activity Conclusion (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To conclude the practical part of the lesson, the teacher asks students to reflect individually on what they have learned. They should think about the answers to the following questions:
     1. What was the most important concept I learned today?
     2. What questions have not been answered yet?
   • The teacher may ask some students to share their answers, promoting a final reflection in the classroom.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes):

   • The teacher gathers all students and starts a group discussion. Each group has up to 3 minutes to share their solutions or conclusions from the problems they solved. This allows students to learn from each other and enrich their perspectives.
   • During the discussion, the teacher should ensure that all groups have the opportunity to speak and that the discussion remains focused on the theme of uniform circular motion. The teacher should encourage students to explain their answers, justify their conclusions, and make connections with the theory learned.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes):

   • After the discussion, the teacher synthesizes the main ideas presented by the students and connects them with the studied theory. He reinforces the fundamental concepts of uniform circular motion and how they apply in the discussed practical situations.
   • The teacher highlights common errors and pitfalls that students may have encountered in solving the problems, and shows how the correct understanding of the theory can help them avoid these errors.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher proposes that students reflect individually on what they have learned. He asks questions like:
     1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
     2. What questions have not been answered yet?
   • Students have a minute to think and write down their answers. This reflection helps consolidate learning and identify possible gaps in understanding.

4. Feedback and Closure (1 - 2 minutes):

   • To conclude, the teacher asks some students to share their answers. He provides feedback on the students' reflections and reinforces the importance of uniform circular motion.
   • The teacher also thanks everyone for their participation and effort, encouraging them to continue studying and applying what they have learned. He takes the opportunity to review the lesson's Objectives and highlight the progress made by the students.
   • Finally, the teacher informs the students about the theme of the next lesson and the necessary preparations.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher begins the Conclusion of the lesson by summarizing the main points covered. He reiterates the concept of uniform circular motion and how the involved quantities (angular velocity, period, frequency, and radius) are calculated and applied.
   • The teacher also reinforces the importance of uniform circular motion, highlighting its applications in various areas of science and engineering.
   • He can use a whiteboard or a projector to outline the formulas and concepts, facilitating students' visualization and understanding.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Next, the teacher explains how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. He emphasizes how the practical activity with the rope and ball allowed students to visualize and experience the concepts of uniform circular motion.
   • The teacher highlights that by solving the proposed problems, students were able to apply the theory in practice, strengthening their understanding and problem-solving skills.
   • He reiterates the presence of uniform circular motion in various everyday situations and in various technologies, showing the relevance of the learned content.

3. Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes):

   • The teacher suggests some additional materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of uniform circular motion. These materials may include physics books, educational videos on the internet, sites with interactive simulations, among others.
   • For example, the teacher may recommend an explanatory video about uniform circular motion, a site with solved and commented problems, and a physics book with additional exercises.
   • He can also indicate some interesting applications of uniform circular motion for students to explore, such as the operation of a clock with hands, the trajectory of artificial satellites around the Earth, among others.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 - 2 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher emphasizes the importance of uniform circular motion for everyday life and for science and engineering. He emphasizes that even if students do not become physicists or engineers, understanding uniform circular motion can help them better understand the world around them and make more informed decisions.
   • The teacher encourages students to continue studying and applying what they have learned, reinforcing that practice is essential for knowledge consolidation. He ends the lesson wishing everyone a good study and making himself available to clarify any doubts that may arise.