Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Comprehension and Identification: Students should be able to understand and identify vowels, consonants, and semivowels in the Portuguese alphabet. This includes the ability to recognize the difference between these three categories of letters.

2. Differentiation and Classification: Students should be able to differentiate the sounds produced by vowels, consonants, and semivowels and classify them correctly. This involves the ability to recognize the unique acoustic characteristics of each category.

3. Practical Application: Students should be able to apply the knowledge acquired to form and read words, as well as to improve their writing and pronunciation skills.

Secondary Objectives:

• Encouraging Active Participation: The teacher should encourage active participation from students throughout the lesson through questions and discussions, ensuring that everyone is involved in the learning process.

• Developing Critical Thinking Skills: Students should be encouraged to think critically about the structure of words and the role of vowels, consonants, and semivowels in word formation. This will help improve their reading and writing skills, as well as their overall understanding of the Portuguese language.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing the Portuguese alphabet and the letters that compose it. This review will serve as a starting point for introducing the new content. The teacher may ask students to recite the alphabet together or individually, ensuring that everyone is familiar with the letters.

2. Problem-Solving Scenarios: The teacher can propose two problem-solving scenarios to pique students' interest and prepare them for the new content. For example, the teacher may ask: 'Why are some letters in the alphabet 'stronger' in a word than others?' or 'Why can some letters in the alphabet be combined to form sounds, while others cannot?'. These questions will serve as a starting point for the discussion on the difference between vowels, consonants, and semivowels.

3. Contextualization: The teacher should explain to students the importance of the subject to be studied, showing how knowledge about vowels, consonants, and semivowels is fundamental for the correct pronunciation and writing of words. The teacher may mention that a lack of understanding in this area can lead to common errors in reading and writing, and may even affect the understanding of word meanings.

4. Capturing Students' Attention: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share interesting facts about vowels, consonants, and semivowels. For example, the teacher may mention that Portuguese is one of the few languages that has semivowels, and that these letters play an important role in sound formation. Another curiosity is that, although Portuguese has only five vowels, they can be used to represent thirteen different sounds.

5. Introduction to the Topic: Finally, the teacher should introduce the topic of the lesson - vowels, consonants, and semivowels. The teacher can explain that, although all alphabet letters are important, vowels, consonants, and semivowels have different functions in word formation. The teacher may also mention that vowels are the most open sounds and that consonants are the most closed sounds in the language.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory - Consonants, Vowels, and Semivowels (5 - 10 minutes)

   1.1. Definition and Characteristics: The teacher should start by explaining what vowels, consonants, and semivowels are. Vowels are letters that represent sounds that can be emitted freely, without air obstruction. Consonants are letters that represent sounds that are produced with some degree of air obstruction. And semivowels are letters that, although classified as consonants, have some vowel characteristics.

   1.2. Differences and Classification: The teacher should then discuss the differences between vowels, consonants, and semivowels, explaining that vowels are open sounds, consonants are closed sounds, and that semivowels have characteristics of both. The teacher can use examples of words to illustrate these differences.

   1.3. Classification of Consonants: The teacher should explain that consonants can be classified according to various criteria, such as place and manner of articulation. For example, the teacher may mention that some consonants are produced with contact between the tongue and the palate, while others are produced with contact between the lips.

2. Practice - Identification of Vowels, Consonants, and Semivowels (5 - 10 minutes)

   2.1. Flashcards Activity: The teacher should distribute cards with different letters to the students and ask them to identify whether each letter is a vowel, consonant, or semivowel. This will help students reinforce theoretical knowledge and develop identification skills.

   2.2. Group Discussion: After the flashcards activity, the teacher should facilitate a group discussion, allowing students to share their answers and explain their reasoning. This will help clarify any doubts and deepen students' understanding.

3. Theory - Sounds and Symbols (5 - 10 minutes)

   3.1. Sounds of Vowels, Consonants, and Semivowels: The teacher should explain that each letter represents a specific sound and that the combination of sounds produces speech. The teacher can use examples of words to demonstrate how vowels, consonants, and semivowels combine to form sounds.

   3.2. Phonetic Symbols: The teacher should introduce phonetic symbols, which are used to represent speech sounds accurately. The teacher can show some examples of phonetic symbols and ask students to try to pronounce the corresponding sounds.

4. Practice - Word Formation (5 - 10 minutes)

   4.1. Crossword Activity: The teacher should distribute a crossword puzzle sheet, where students need to fill in the blanks with the correct letters. The clues should be based on the knowledge acquired about vowels, consonants, and semivowels.

   4.2. Discussion and Correction: After the activity, the teacher should review the answers with the class, discussing the solutions and clarifying any doubts. This will help consolidate students' knowledge and identify any areas that may need additional review.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review and Connection to the Real World (5 - 7 minutes):

   1.1. Group Discussion: The teacher should facilitate a group discussion with students to review the concepts learned during the lesson. The teacher can ask questions like 'What are vowels, consonants, and semivowels?' or 'How do vowels, consonants, and semivowels differ and classify?'. This will allow students to consolidate their knowledge and clarify any remaining doubts.

   1.2. Connection to the Real World: The teacher should then connect the concepts learned to real-world situations. For example, the teacher can explain that by understanding the difference between vowels, consonants, and semivowels, students will be able to pronounce and write words correctly. The teacher can also mention that in some foreign languages, the classification of vowels, consonants, and semivowels may be different, which can lead to difficulties in pronunciation and writing.

   1.3. Reflection on the Lesson: Finally, the teacher should ask students to reflect on what they learned during the lesson. The teacher can ask questions like 'What was the most important concept you learned today?' or 'What questions have not been answered yet?'. This will help assess the effectiveness of the lesson and identify any areas that may need additional review.

2. Self-Assessment and Comprehension Check (5 - 7 minutes):

   2.1. Quick Quiz: The teacher should prepare a quick quiz with multiple-choice or true/false questions to check students' understanding of the covered content. The quiz may include questions like 'Is the letter 'a' a vowel, consonant, or semivowel?' or 'Semivowels have characteristics of vowels and consonants. True or false?'.

   2.2. Quiz Review: After students complete the quiz, the teacher should review the answers with the class, discussing the solutions and clarifying any doubts. This will help consolidate students' knowledge and identify any areas that may need additional review.

   2.3. Feedback and Guidance: Based on the quiz and discussion, the teacher should provide feedback to students on their performance and offer guidance on how they can continue to improve their skills in identifying and classifying vowels, consonants, and semivowels.

3. Closure (1 - 2 minutes):

   3.1. Encouragement and Motivation: The teacher should end the lesson by encouraging students to continue practicing and deepening their knowledge of vowels, consonants, and semivowels. The teacher can suggest additional study activities, such as creating flashcards with alphabet letters or practicing pronunciation using phonetic symbols.

   3.2. Importance of the Subject: Finally, the teacher should reiterate the importance of knowledge about vowels, consonants, and semivowels for the correct pronunciation and writing of words, and remind students that these skills will be useful in many areas of life, including reading, writing, and oral communication.

Conclusion (5 - 10 minutes)

1. Lesson Summary (2 - 3 minutes): 1.1. Review of Key Concepts: The teacher should summarize the essential concepts covered in the lesson, reiterating the definition and characteristics of vowels, consonants, and semivowels, as well as the importance of their identification and classification. 1.2. Recall of Connection to the Real World: The teacher can recap how understanding these concepts and practicing their application are fundamental for the correct pronunciation and writing of words, and how this translates into practical everyday skills, such as reading and writing. 1.3. Reference to Practical Exercises: The teacher should recall the practical activities carried out during the lesson, highlighting how they helped students better understand the theoretical concepts.

2. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): 2.1. Recommendation of Readings and Supplementary Activities: The teacher can suggest additional reading materials, such as textbooks or educational websites, that provide more information about vowels, consonants, and semivowels. Additionally, the teacher can indicate practical activities that students can do at home to reinforce what they have learned, such as creating crosswords or practicing pronunciation using phonetic symbols.

3. Importance of the Subject (1 - 2 minutes): 3.1. Relevance to Everyday Life: The teacher should emphasize the importance of vowels, consonants, and semivowels for everyday life, mentioning practical examples, such as reading books and magazines, writing letters and emails, and oral communication. 3.2. Application in Other Disciplines: The teacher can mention how knowledge about vowels, consonants, and semivowels applies to other disciplines, such as phonetics, linguistics, and literature. For example, the teacher can explain that correctly identifying and classifying vowels, consonants, and semivowels is essential for analyzing word structure and understanding the rhythm and sound of sentences.

4. Closure (1 - 2 minutes): 4.1. Reinforcement of Learning: The teacher should end the lesson by reinforcing what was learned, reminding students of the importance of continuing to practice and deepen their knowledge of vowels, consonants, and semivowels. 4.2. Availability for Questions: The teacher should emphasize that they are available to clarify any doubts students may have after the lesson, either during school hours or through online communication. 4.3. Encouragement of Independent Study: Finally, the teacher should encourage students to seek knowledge on their own, reminding them that curiosity and the desire to learn are the keys to academic and personal success.