Lesson Plan | Teachy Methodology | Human Body: Excretory System

Objectives

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to ensure that students clearly understand what is expected of them during the lesson. This will help focus their attention and efforts on the essential skills and knowledge related to the excretory system, facilitating a more directed and effective learning experience.

Main Objectives

1. Understand what the organs of the excretory system are and their functions.

2. Comprehend the functioning of the excretory system and the types of excreta released by the human body.

Side Objectives

1. Relate knowledge of the excretory system to health habits and the importance of hydration.

Introduction

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to activate students' prior knowledge and stimulate engagement through research and interaction. By seeking interesting facts about the excretory system, students connect immediately with the topic, preparing themselves for active participation in the following activities. Additionally, the key questions help direct the focus of the initial discussion, facilitating a deeper understanding of the concepts.

Warming Up

盧 Warm-up: Start the lesson by presenting a brief context about the excretory system, highlighting its importance for maintaining the internal balance of the organism. Explain that the excretory system is responsible for removing waste and toxins from the body, ensuring that our systems function efficiently. Next, ask students to use their phones to find an interesting or curious fact about the excretory system. Give them a few minutes for this research and then ask them to share what they found with the class.

Initial Reflections

1.  What are the main organs of the excretory system and their functions?

2. 類 What is the importance of the excretory system for the overall functioning of the human body?

3.  What are the different types of excreta released by the body and how are they formed?

4.  How do our daily habits, such as diet and hydration, influence the functioning of the excretory system?

Development

Duration: 70 to 80 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to provide students with a practical and engaging experience that deepens their understanding of the excretory system. The proposed activities encourage research, teamwork, practical application of acquired knowledge, and the use of modern technologies, making learning more meaningful and connected to students' reality.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended that only one of the suggested activities be carried out

Activity 1 -  CSI: Excretor - Scientific Investigation!

> Duration: 60 to 70 minutes

- Objective: Develop research skills and apply knowledge about the excretory system in a practical and contextualized way, as well as promote teamwork and effective communication.

- Description: Students will take on the role of scientific investigators. Each group will receive a 'case' where they need to discover which organ of the excretory system is malfunctioning based on provided fictional symptoms. They will use the internet to research and create a digital report detailing their findings.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Distribute a fictional case with specific symptoms of a problem in the excretory system to each group.

• Groups should use phones and computers to research which organs may be related to the symptoms presented.

• Ask students to prepare a digital report (it can be in slide presentation format) explaining their findings, including the affected organs, their functions, and how the symptoms relate to the organs.

• Encourage groups to be creative in their report presentation, using charts, images, and videos found online.

• Each group will present their findings to the class.

Activity 2 -  Gamification: Excretory System Challenge!

> Duration: 60 to 70 minutes

- Objective: Provide an interactive and fun learning experience where students can visualize the consequences of their choices on the functioning of the excretory system and reinforce the importance of healthy habits.

- Description: Students will participate in a digital game where they take on the role of characters who need to maintain the internal balance of the human body. They will face challenges that involve making decisions about hydration, diet, and physical activities, directly influencing the functioning of the excretory system.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Instruct students to download a human body simulation app (like Human Anatomy Atlas or similar) on their phones.

• Ask groups to play the game and make decisions that affect the excretory system, such as hydration level, type of food consumed, and physical activities undertaken.

• During the game, students must note how their decisions influence the functioning of the organs of the excretory system and the types of excreta produced.

• At the end of the game, each group should prepare a summary of their strategies and results, highlighting the impact of their choices on the organs of the excretory system.

• Each group will share their findings with the class.

Activity 3 -  Digital Influencers in Action: Campaign on the Excretory System!

> Duration: 60 to 70 minutes

- Objective: Stimulate students' creativity and communication skills while promoting awareness of the excretory system and the importance of healthy habits in an engaging way.

- Description: Students will create a social media awareness campaign about the importance of the excretory system and healthy habits to keep it functioning correctly. They will create posts, infographics, and short videos to disseminate information attractively.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Explain that each group will be responsible for creating a mini awareness campaign about the excretory system on social media.

• Groups should use phones and computers to research relevant information and create attractive digital content, such as posts, infographics, and short videos.

• Guide students to use image and video editing apps (like Canva, InShot, etc.) to create their materials.

• Each group should share their campaign on social media and prepare a brief presentation explaining their communication choices and the content produced.

• Groups will also present their campaigns to the class.

Feedback

Duration: 20 to 30 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to consolidate learning through reflection and exchange of experiences among students. Group discussion allows students to share their discoveries and learn from each other, while 360° feedback promotes self-awareness and the development of interpersonal skills.

Group Discussion

️ Group Discussion: Promote a group discussion with all students, where groups share what they learned from the activities and their conclusions. Start by asking each group to present a brief summary of their discoveries and experiences. Suggest an outline to introduce the discussion, such as:

1. Introduction: Each group presents their work and main discoveries in the activities conducted.
2. Results Analysis: Discuss the differences and similarities between the groups' conclusions, relating them to the studied concepts.
3. Applicability: Ask students how the knowledge gained can be applied in their daily lives and future studies.

Reflections

1. ❓ How did the research and the activities help to better understand the functioning of the excretory system? 2. ❓ What were the biggest challenges faced during the activities and how were they overcome? 3. ❓ In what way do daily habits, such as diet and hydration, influence the functioning of the excretory system, as observed in the activities?

360° Feedback

 360° Feedback: Instruct the class to perform a 360° feedback stage, where each student should receive feedback from their group peers. Guide students to ensure that the feedback is constructive and respectful, using a model like the feedback sandwich (praise, an area to improve, praise). For example, ask students to highlight a positive point about a peer's contribution, an aspect that could be improved, and finish with additional recognition.

Conclusion

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes

 Purpose: The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to consolidate the knowledge gained throughout the lesson, connecting it with the reality and daily experiences of students. The fun summary facilitates content retention, while the connections to the modern world and practical applications help students perceive the relevance of what they learned. This stage also offers a moment of reflection on how daily habits impact health and the functioning of the excretory system, encouraging healthier and more conscious choices.

Summary

易 Summary: Imagine the excretory system as a team of internal superheroes, keeping our body clean and in balance. We have the kidneys, which are primarily responsible for filtering blood and eliminating waste in the form of urine. The bladder, our super-reservoir, stores urine until it's time to release it. The ureters are the efficient messengers, transporting urine to the bladder. And we cannot forget the urethra, the final stage of the mission to expel excreta! Together, these organs ensure that our body functions like a well-oiled machine, ready to face any challenge!

World Connection

 In the World: Knowledge about the excretory system connects directly with various aspects of our daily lives, especially with modern concerns about health and well-being. In a world where awareness of diet, hydration, and healthy lifestyle is growing, understanding how the excretory system works can help students make more informed choices and promote effective health campaigns. Additionally, with current technology, we can monitor our health more accurately, using apps and smart devices that analyze everything from hydration to the quality of our eating habits.

Practical Application

⚙️ Applications: Understanding the excretory system is essential for adopting health practices that promote well-being and longevity. Knowing how the excretory organs work can help us understand the importance of good hydration, the right choice of foods, and personal hygiene practices. This knowledge is applicable not only in our daily lives but also in fields such as sports, medicine, and even in creating educational content for public awareness.