Objectives (5 - 10 minutes)

Main Objectives:

1. Understand the definition and function of prepositions in the English language.
2. Recognize and differentiate the main prepositions and their use in different contexts and situations.
3. Apply prepositions correctly in sentences and texts, valuing their appropriate use.

Secondary Objectives:

1. Develop research and self-learning skills, using study materials and online resources provided beforehand.
2. Promote interaction and collaboration among students through group activities and class discussions.
3. Stimulate critical thinking and problem-solving skills when facing challenges related to the use of prepositions in various contexts.

The teacher should guide the students to focus primarily on achieving the above objectives. This can be done through clear explanations, practical examples, application exercises, and constant feedback. The teacher should also encourage students to ask questions and share their doubts and discoveries, promoting an active and collaborative learning environment.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous contents:

   • The teacher should conduct a brief review of relevant topics from previous classes, such as sentence structure in English and the importance of parts of speech. This can be done through a quick classroom discussion or a small interactive quiz.

2. Problem situation:

   • First situation: The teacher can present a sentence without a preposition and ask students to identify what is missing and why the sentence sounds strange. Example: "I am going school".
   • Second situation: The teacher can show a sentence with the wrong preposition and ask students what is incorrect. Example: "I will meet you in Monday".

3. Contextualization:

   • The teacher should emphasize the importance of prepositions, explaining that they are essential for understanding and constructing sentences correctly in English. He can cite examples of everyday situations, such as sending an email, asking for directions, or scheduling an appointment, where the correct use of prepositions is fundamental.

4. Engaging students' attention:

   • First curiosity: The teacher can mention that, although prepositions are small words, they are one of the most difficult parts of speech to master in English, as they often do not have direct equivalents in other languages.
   • Second curiosity: The teacher can share that the word "preposition" comes from the Latin "praeponere", which means "to place before", a useful tip to remember that prepositions generally come before the nouns or pronouns they modify.
   • Application: The teacher can show examples of songs, poems, or excerpts from books where prepositions are used creatively, illustrating how they can enrich expression and communication.

During the introduction, the teacher should ensure that all students are following and understanding the material. He should encourage active participation, responding to questions and comments, and adjusting the pace and focus of the lesson as needed.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

Activity 1 - "Prop Up the Prepositions" (10 - 15 minutes)

• This playful activity aims to help students differentiate and use prepositions of place correctly.
• First, the teacher should divide the class into groups of three or four students.
• Next, each group will receive a shoebox containing a miniature room with furniture and objects (such as a table, a chair, a book, a vase, etc.).
• The teacher will give instructions on where to place the objects in the miniature room, using prepositions of place like "on", "in", "under", "next to", "between", etc. For example: "Put the book on the table", "Place the vase next to the window", "Put the cat under the table", etc.
• Students should follow the instructions and place the objects in the right place.
• At the end of the activity, the teacher should review each miniature room, correcting errors and highlighting the correct use of prepositions.

Activity 2 - "Preposition Charades" (10 - 15 minutes)

• This activity aims to reinforce students' understanding of prepositions of movement.
• The teacher should divide the class into two teams.
• Next, the teacher should write several sentences using prepositions of movement on pieces of paper and put them in a bag.
• One student from each team should come forward, pick a sentence from the bag, and act according to the sentence, without saying any words. For example, if the sentence is "Walk towards the door", the student should walk towards the door.
• The student's team should then guess the sentence. If they guess correctly, the team earns a point.
• The game continues until all sentences are acted out. The team with the most points at the end wins.

During the development, the teacher should circulate around the room, monitoring the progress of the groups, clarifying doubts, and providing guidance and feedback as necessary. He should also ensure that all students are engaged and actively participating in the activities.

Feedback (10 - 15 minutes)

Group Discussion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. The teacher should gather all students for a group discussion. This is the opportunity for students to share their solutions and conclusions, observations, and learnings.
2. The teacher should request each group to present a brief summary of what they discovered or learned during the activities.
3. The teacher should facilitate the discussion, ensuring that all students are involved and that a variety of viewpoints are heard. This can be done by asking open-ended questions, encouraging students to ask each other questions, and highlighting any particularly interesting or creative ideas or solutions that emerged.

Connection to Theory (3 - 5 minutes)

1. After the discussion, the teacher should help students connect what they learned in the activities with the theoretical concepts presented in the lesson's introduction.
2. The teacher can do this by briefly reviewing the definition and function of prepositions, and then asking students how they applied these concepts during the activities.
3. The teacher should encourage students to provide specific examples and explain their answers, in order to promote a deeper understanding and reinforce learning.

Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes)

1. Finally, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they learned during the lesson.
2. The teacher should ask questions like:
   1. What was the most important concept you learned today?
   2. What questions have not been answered yet?
3. Students should have a minute to think about their answers. They can choose to write them in their notebooks or simply reflect mentally.
4. The teacher may choose to ask some students to share their answers with the class, or he may collect the written responses for later review. This can provide valuable feedback on the effectiveness of the lesson and on any areas that may need review or reinforcement in future classes.

During the feedback session, the teacher should ensure a respectful and supportive environment, where all students feel comfortable sharing their ideas, doubts, and discoveries. He should provide constructive and encouraging feedback, and should value both the achievements and efforts of the students, reinforcing the idea that learning is a continuous process.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Recap of Content (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should start the conclusion with a recap of the main points of the lesson.
   • He should highlight the definition of prepositions, the different categories (prepositions of time, place, and movement), and examples of their use in sentences.
   • The teacher should also recall the practical activities, bringing up the situations where prepositions were used correctly and the common errors that were identified and corrected.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should emphasize how the lesson connected the theory of prepositions with practice.
   • He should explain that through the activities, students had the opportunity to apply the theory in a practical and contextualized way, facilitating the understanding and memorization of prepositions.

3. Extra Study Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest study materials for students to deepen their knowledge of prepositions.
   • He can recommend online resources, such as English learning websites, explanatory videos on YouTube, and language apps that have sections dedicated to prepositions.
   • Additionally, the teacher can recommend English textbooks and grammars that have chapters on prepositions.

4. Practical Importance of Prepositions (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should reinforce the practical importance of mastering prepositions.
   • He should explain that the correct use of prepositions is essential for effective communication in English, both in writing and speaking.
   • The teacher can give examples of everyday situations (like writing an email, placing an order at a restaurant, or giving/receiving directions) where the correct use of prepositions is crucial.

During the conclusion, the teacher should ensure that all students are following and understanding the main points. He should encourage questions and comments, and should be willing to clarify any doubts or confusion that may have arisen during the lesson.