Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the Context and Meaning of the Napoleonic Period: Students should be able to explain what the Napoleonic Period was, identify its main characteristics and events. Additionally, they should understand the importance of this period in world and European history.

2. Analyzing Napoleon Bonaparte's Reforms: Students should be able to describe the main reforms implemented by Napoleon Bonaparte, such as the Napoleonic Code, and analyze the impact of these reforms on society and politics at the time.

3. Understanding the Napoleonic Wars: Students should be able to explain the causes and consequences of the Napoleonic Wars, identify the main conflicts and alliances, and analyze Napoleon's role in these wars.

Secondary Objectives:

• Developing Research and Analysis Skills: In addition to acquiring knowledge about the Napoleonic Period, students will be encouraged to develop research and analysis skills, as they will have to seek information from different sources and analyze them critically.

• Stimulating Active Participation and Critical Thinking: Through classroom discussions and practical activities, students will be encouraged to actively participate in classes, expressing their opinions and thoughts in a respectful and critical manner.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher starts the lesson by briefly reviewing the concepts of the French Revolution and the post-revolutionary context in Europe. He may ask students questions to assess prior knowledge and clarify any doubts that may arise. (3 - 5 minutes)

2. Problem-Solving Scenarios: The teacher presents two problem-solving scenarios to pique students' interest:

   • Scenario 1: "If you were rulers of a country devastated by a revolution, how would you reorganize it and establish internal and external peace?"
   • Scenario 2: "And if, in addition, you had to face several European powers that feel threatened by your power? How would you deal with this situation?" (3 - 5 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher then contextualizes the importance of the Napoleonic Period, explaining that it was a crucial moment in European history, marking the end of the Old Regime and the spread of ideas of equality, freedom, and fraternity. Additionally, he highlights that the Napoleonic Code influenced the legislation of many countries to this day. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Capturing Students' Attention: To spark students' curiosity, the teacher may share two curiosities about Napoleon Bonaparte:

   • Curiosity 1: "Did you know that Napoleon Bonaparte was one of the youngest generals in the French army? He was only 24 years old when he led the French victory against Austria at Montenotte in 1796."
   • Curiosity 2: "And did you know that the name 'Napoleon' was banned in some parts of Europe after he was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo? Legend has it that mothers would scare children by saying that Napoleon would come to get them if they misbehaved!" (2 - 3 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Historical Simulation Activity 'Reforming France': (10 - 15 minutes)

   • Preparation: The teacher divides the class into groups of 5 students. Each group will receive a 'survival kit' containing paper, pens, cardboard, scissors, and glue. Additionally, each group will receive an 'Identity Card' representing the group as a political faction in France after the French Revolution.

   • Activity Description: Students will receive the following task: "You are a political faction in post-Revolution France and have been called upon to help reform the country. Using the resources from the 'survival kit,' you must create a reform plan that includes the creation of a new legal code, the reorganization of the economy, and the modernization of institutions. Remember to consider the challenges France faced at the time, such as constant war and political instability."

   • Activity Execution: Students will have 10 minutes to discuss and plan their reforms. After this time, each group will present its plan to the class, explaining the reasons behind their decisions. Other groups can ask questions and make comments.

   • Discussion and Reflection: The teacher will lead a classroom discussion, relating students' experiences in the activity to the real reforms implemented by Napoleon Bonaparte. He will also encourage students to reflect on the difficulties of governing a country and implementing reforms in a context of political instability and war.

2. Research Activity 'The Napoleonic Wars': (10 - 15 minutes)

   • Preparation: The teacher will provide students with computers or mobile devices connected to the internet. He will also provide a list of questions that students must answer during the research activity.

   • Activity Description: Students, still in their groups, will receive the following task: "You are historians tasked with researching the Napoleonic Wars. Using the provided resources, you must answer the questions: What were the main causes of the Napoleonic Wars? What were the main conflicts and alliances? How did the Napoleonic Wars end and what was Napoleon's legacy?"

   • Activity Execution: Students will have 10 minutes to research and answer the questions. They should write down their answers in a shared document, which will be submitted to the teacher at the end of the activity.

   • Discussion and Reflection: The teacher will review students' answers and lead a classroom discussion, clarifying doubts and deepening students' understanding of the Napoleonic Wars.

3. Discussion Activity 'Napoleon's Legacy': (5 - 10 minutes)

   • Activity Description: The teacher proposes a classroom discussion about Napoleon Bonaparte's legacy. Students, still in their groups, should discuss and present arguments on the following question: "Was Napoleon Bonaparte a hero or a villain? Why?"

   • Activity Execution: Each group will have 5 minutes to present their arguments. After the presentations, the teacher will lead a classroom discussion, encouraging students to respect different opinions and express their thoughts in a respectful and critical manner.

   • Final Reflection: The teacher will conclude the activity with a final reflection, highlighting that history is complex and that historical figures, like Napoleon Bonaparte, can be seen in different ways depending on the viewpoint and context. He will also emphasize the importance of studying history to understand the present and shape the future.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 5 minutes): The teacher should facilitate a group discussion about the solutions or conclusions reached by each group during the historical simulation and research activities. Each group will have up to 3 minutes to share their reflections and conclusions. During the presentations, other groups will have the opportunity to ask questions or make comments.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should revisit the theoretical concepts covered at the beginning of the lesson and connect them to the practical activities carried out by the students. For example, he can highlight how the Napoleonic Code was a response to specific challenges of the time and how the Napoleonic Wars were a consequence of Napoleon's ambitions and policies.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher suggests that students reflect for a minute on the following questions:

   • Question 1: "What was the most important concept you learned today?"
   • Question 2: "What questions have not been answered yet?"

4. Sharing Reflections (1 minute): After the individual reflection, the teacher asks some students to share their answers with the class. He can start by asking one or two students about what they learned and what questions they still have. This will allow the teacher to assess students' understanding of the topic and identify areas that may need further clarification in future lessons.

5. Feedback and Closure (1 minute): To conclude the lesson, the teacher thanks the students for their participation and requests feedback on the lesson. He can ask students to share what they liked the most and what they think could be improved. This will help the teacher make necessary adjustments for future lessons.

It is important to emphasize that the Return is a crucial stage of the lesson plan, as it allows the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson while promoting reflection and student learning.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher begins the Conclusion by summarizing the main points covered during the lesson. He reinforces the definition and context of the Napoleonic Period, the reforms implemented by Napoleon Bonaparte (with emphasis on the Napoleonic Code), and the impact of the Napoleonic Wars. He also recalls the practical activities carried out by the students and how they helped deepen the understanding of these contents.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): Next, the teacher emphasizes the connection between theory, practice, and applications. He highlights how the lesson allowed students not only to acquire theoretical knowledge about the Napoleonic Period but also to better understand the challenges and complexities of the time through practical activities. Additionally, he reiterates the relevance of the topics discussed, showing how Napoleon Bonaparte's legacy still influences current society.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher suggests some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge about the Napoleonic Period. These materials may include documentaries, books, articles, and reliable websites. He also encourages students to continue exploring the topic on their own, using the research and analysis skills developed in the lesson.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 minute): Finally, the teacher reiterates the importance of the Napoleonic Period for understanding world and European history. He highlights how this period marked the end of the Old Regime and the spread of ideas of equality, freedom, and fraternity. Additionally, he emphasizes the lasting impact of Napoleon's reforms, such as the Napoleonic Code, which influenced the legislation of many countries. The teacher concludes the lesson by reinforcing the relevance of studying history to understand the present and shape the future.