Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Electricity: Electric Current

Objectives

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to ensure that students understand the theoretical basis of the concept of electric current and know how to apply it in practical calculations. By focusing on the main objectives, it is expected that students will develop a solid understanding that will allow them to confidently solve problems related to electric current.

Main Objectives

1. Explain the concept of electric current and its importance in the study of electricity.

2. Demonstrate how to calculate electric current using the ratio between the amount of charge and time.

3. Provide practical and theoretical examples to reinforce the understanding of electric current calculation.

Introduction

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

 The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to ensure that students understand the theoretical basis of the concept of electric current and know how to apply it in practical calculations. By focusing on the main objectives, it is expected that students will develop a solid understanding that will allow them to confidently solve problems related to electric current.

Context

 To start the lesson on Electric Current, it is important to contextualize students about the relevance of this concept in daily life. Electric current is an ordered flow of electrons through a conductive material, such as a copper wire, and is the foundation for the operation of practically all electronic and electrical devices we use. Think about how electricity reaches our homes and powers appliances like refrigerators, televisions, computers, and smartphones. Without electric current, modern life as we know it would be impossible. This introduction will help students perceive the practical importance of what they are about to learn.

Curiosities

 Curiosity: Did you know that electric current is responsible for the functioning of the human heart? The heart has specialized cells that generate electrical impulses, causing it to beat regularly. These impulses are essentially electric currents that drive the contraction of the heart muscle, allowing blood to be pumped throughout the body. This is just one of many examples of how electricity is fundamental to life.

Development

Duration: 50 to 60 minutes

 The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to deepen the students' knowledge about electric current, providing a detailed and practical understanding of the concept. By addressing specific topics and solving practical problems, students will be able to apply theory in real situations, consolidating their understanding and preparing them for future assessments and applications in daily life.

Covered Topics

1.  Definition of Electric Current: Explain that electric current is the ordered flow of electrons through a conductor. Detail that current is measured in amperes (A) and that the conventional direction of current is from the positive pole to the negative pole. 2.  Formula for Electric Current: Present the formula I = Q/t, where I is the electric current in amperes, Q is the amount of electric charge in coulombs (C) that passes through the conductor, and t is the time in seconds (s). Explain each of the components of the formula and how they relate. 3. ⚡ Practical Calculation Examples: Demonstrate how to calculate electric current using practical examples. For example, if 10 coulombs of charge pass through a conductor in 2 seconds, the electric current would be I = 10 C / 2 s = 5 A. Provide more examples for reinforcement. 4.  Units and Conversion: Emphasize the importance of using the correct units and how to convert between different units of measure if necessary. For example, how to convert milliampères (mA) to amperes (A). 5.  Electric Current Graphs: Show how graphs can represent electric current over time. Explain how to interpret these visual representations. 6. ⚙️ Applications of Electric Current: Discuss some practical applications of electric current in everyday devices, such as in light bulbs, electric motors, and electronic devices, to contextualize the theory.

Classroom Questions

1. 1. If 15 coulombs of charge pass through a conductor in 3 seconds, what is the electric current? 2. 2. Calculate the electric current when 50 coulombs of charge pass through a conductor in 10 seconds. 3. 3. A device operates with a current of 2 amperes. How many coulombs of charge does it consume in 5 seconds?

Questions Discussion

Duration: 20 to 25 minutes

 The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to consolidate the knowledge acquired by students throughout the lesson, ensuring that they understand how to apply theory in practice. By discussing the answers to the questions and engaging students in reflections, the teacher can identify possible doubts and reinforce important points, preparing students to use the concept of electric current in real situations and future assessments.

Discussion

•  Question 1: If 15 coulombs of charge pass through a conductor in 3 seconds, what is the electric current?

Explanation: Using the formula I = Q/t, where I is the current in amperes, Q is the amount of charge in coulombs, and t is the time in seconds:

I = 15 C / 3 s = 5 A. Therefore, the electric current is 5 amperes.

•  Question 2: Calculate the electric current when 50 coulombs of charge pass through a conductor in 10 seconds.

Explanation: Again, using the formula I = Q/t:

I = 50 C / 10 s = 5 A. Thus, the electric current is 5 amperes.

•  Question 3: A device operates with a current of 2 amperes. How many coulombs of charge does it consume in 5 seconds?

Explanation: Rearranging the formula I = Q/t to find Q, we have Q = I * t:

Q = 2 A * 5 s = 10 C. Therefore, the device consumes 10 coulombs of charge in 5 seconds.

Student Engagement

1. 樂 Question 1: How does electric current behave in different types of conductive materials? Discuss examples such as copper, aluminum, and gold. 2.  Reflection 2: Why is it important to use the correct units when calculating electric current? What problems may arise if we do not do this? 3.  Question 3: How can understanding electric current help in understanding other concepts in electricity and magnetism? 4. ⚙️ Reflection 4: Think of devices in your daily life. How could you calculate the electric current they use?

Conclusion

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes

The purpose of this stage of the lesson plan is to recap the main points covered, reinforcing students' understanding and ensuring that they comprehend the practical importance of the concept of electric current. By concluding the lesson with a summary and a discussion about the relevance of the topic, the teacher ensures that students leave the lesson with a clear and applied view of the content.

Summary

• Electric current is the ordered flow of electrons through a conductor.
• Current is measured in amperes (A) and the conventional direction is from the positive pole to the negative pole.
• The formula for calculating electric current is I = Q/t, where I is the current in amperes, Q is the amount of charge in coulombs, and t is the time in seconds.
• The importance of using the correct units and how to convert between different units of measure.
• Graphs can represent electric current over time and how to interpret them.
• Practical applications of electric current in everyday devices, such as light bulbs and electric motors.

The lesson connected theory with practice by presenting the formula for calculating electric current and providing practical examples that illustrated how to apply this formula in real situations. Additionally, it was discussed how graphs can represent electric current over time, helping students visualize the concept and understand its applications in everyday electronic devices.

The study of electric current is extremely relevant to daily life, as it is the foundation for the operation of electrical and electronic devices that we constantly use, such as mobile phones, computers, and household appliances. Understanding how electric current works allows us to better comprehend how these devices operate and how we can use them more efficiently and safely.