Lesson Plan | Technical Methodology | Magnetism: Magnets

Objectives

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to introduce students to the concept of magnetism and its fundamental properties, preparing them for practical and experimental activities. Understanding the basic functioning of magnets is essential for the development of technical skills that are highly valued in the job market, especially in fields such as electrical engineering and medical technology.

Main Objectives

1. Understand that a magnet is an object that produces a magnetic field around it.

2. Comprehend that the magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the force that pulls ferromagnetic objects.

3. Identify that a magnet has a north pole and a south pole.

Side Objectives

1. Recognize the importance of magnetism in practical applications of everyday life.
2. Relate theoretical knowledge to applications in the job market, such as in electric motors and magnetic resonance imaging equipment.

Introduction

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to introduce students to the concept of magnetism and its fundamental properties, preparing them for practical and experimental activities. Understanding the basic functioning of magnets is essential for the development of technical skills that are highly valued in the job market, especially in fields such as electrical engineering and medical technology.

Contextualization

Magnetism is present in various situations in our daily lives, from the simple act of attaching a note to the refrigerator to the operation of sophisticated medical equipment like magnetic resonance imaging machines. Understanding the basic principles that govern the behavior of magnets is essential for grasping how these technologies work and how they can be improved.

Curiosities and Market Connection

鱗 Curiosities: One of the earliest records of the use of magnets dates back more than 2,000 years in Ancient Greece, where it was discovered that certain stones, called magnetite, had the ability to attract iron.  Market Connection: Magnetism is fundamental in electrical engineering, being used in electric motors, generators, and transformers. In medicine, it is used in magnetic resonance imaging equipment to create detailed images of the interior of the human body without the need for surgery.

Initial Activity

 Initial Activity: Show a short 2-3 minute video about how a magnetic levitation train (Maglev) works. After the video, ask the students: 'How do you think magnets are used to make a train levitate?'

Development

Duration: 40 - 45 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' understanding of the concepts of magnetism through practical and reflective activities. By building a homemade compass, students will have a direct experience with magnetic principles and develop practical skills that are highly valued in the job market. In addition, the fixation and evaluation exercises will allow for the consolidation of the acquired knowledge, ensuring that students can apply these concepts in real-world contexts.

Covered Topics

1. What is a magnet
2. Magnetic field and its properties
3. Magnetic poles: north and south
4. Interaction between magnets and ferromagnetic materials
5. Applications of magnetism in everyday life and the job market

Reflections on the Theme

Guide students to reflect on the omnipresence of magnetism in their daily lives and in the job market. Ask how understanding magnetic principles can be useful in their future careers. Encourage them to think about how technologies that utilize magnetism, such as electric motors and magnetic resonance imaging equipment, impact society and technological advancement.

Mini Challenge

Building a Homemade Compass

In this activity, students will build a compass using simple materials to practically understand how the Earth's magnetic field interacts with a magnet.

Instructions

1. Divide students into groups of 3 to 4 people.
2. Distribute the following materials to each group: a sewing needle, a small bar magnet, a piece of cork or foam, a bowl of water, and a sheet of paper.
3. Ask students to rub one end of the needle on the magnet approximately 30 times in one direction. This will magnetize the needle.
4. Instruct them to cut a small piece of cork or foam and insert the magnetized needle through it so that it floats in the water.
5. Place the cork with the needle in the bowl of water and observe how the needle aligns with the Earth's magnetic field, pointing north and south.
6. Request that students write down their observations and discuss among themselves how the experiment demonstrates the concept of magnetic poles and magnetic field.

Objective: The objective of this activity is to allow students to see firsthand the interaction between magnets and the Earth's magnetic field, solidifying their understanding of the concepts of magnetic poles and magnetic fields.

Duration: 30 - 35 minutes

Evaluation Exercises

1. Describe what a magnet is and how it interacts with ferromagnetic materials.
2. Explain the difference between the north and south poles of a magnet.
3. Draw and label the magnetic field around a bar magnet.
4. Give examples of three practical applications of magnetism in the job market.
5. Discuss how understanding magnetism can benefit future careers in electrical engineering and medical technology.

Conclusion

Duration: 15 - 20 minutes

The purpose of this stage is to ensure that students consolidate and reflect on the knowledge acquired during the lesson. By summarizing the main concepts, promoting a discussion about the activities carried out and connecting theory with practical applications, students will have a deeper and contextualized understanding of magnetism, as well as recognize its relevance in their lives and future careers.

Discussion

️ Discussion: Guide students to discuss how building the homemade compass helped them understand the concepts of magnetic poles and magnetic fields. Ask how the knowledge acquired can be applied in everyday contexts and the job market, such as in electrical engineering and medical technology. Encourage students to reflect on the importance of magnetism in their daily lives and future careers.

Summary

 Summary: Recap the main content covered in the lesson, including: what is a magnet, the concept of a magnetic field, the distinction between north and south poles, the interaction between magnets and ferromagnetic materials, and the practical applications of magnetism in the job market. Emphasize how students observed these concepts in practice through building the homemade compass.

Closing

 Closing: Explain that the lesson connected theory with practice by allowing students to see the principles of magnetism in action. Reinforce the importance of magnetism in various technological areas and in everyday life, highlighting how understanding these concepts can open doors to various professional opportunities. Thank the students for their active participation and share the importance of continuing to explore and apply this knowledge in the future.