Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Provide students with an understanding of the interaction between humans and nature, focusing on how this relationship influences human development and the economy.

2. Explore changes in means of production throughout history, elucidating how these transformations have impacted both the environment and the economy.

3. Stimulate reflection on the extraction of natural resources and its direct influence on the economy, highlighting the importance of sustainable management of these resources.

Secondary Objectives:

• Foster discussions on the importance of sustainability in the current and future economy, encouraging students to think of solutions to modern environmental challenges.
• Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing how human action modifies the environment and how these changes can affect the global economy.
• Encourage research and reading on the topic, promoting the search for additional knowledge outside the school environment.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Recalling the content: The teacher should start by reminding students of the basic concepts of economics and sociology, particularly the relationship between society and nature. This can be done through a brief summary, followed by questions to ensure that students remember the key concepts.

2. Presenting problem situations: To initiate the discussion on the subject, the teacher can present two problematic situations:

   a. The first situation could be the exploitation of a natural resource, such as oil, in a specific region. The teacher can question the students about how this action could affect both the local and global economy, and what the possible consequences for the environment would be.

   b. The second situation could be the introduction of renewable energy in a community that previously relied on non-renewable sources. Students should be asked how this change could affect the local economy and the relationship of this community with nature.

3. Contextualizing the subject: The teacher should explain the importance of understanding the relationship between economy and nature, emphasizing how human actions and the exploitation of natural resources influence the global economy. Furthermore, the relevance of sustainable actions for the maintenance of natural resources and the health of the economy in the long term should be highlighted.

4. Capturing students' attention: To make the subject more engaging, the teacher can share some curiosities or stories about the relationship between economy and nature. For example, how some countries rich in natural resources face economic difficulties due to mismanagement of these resources (the paradox of plenty). Or how the introduction of renewable energy transformed the economy of some countries, like Denmark.

The teacher should use visual examples and videos whenever possible to make the content more understandable and engaging.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory: The relationship between economy and nature (5 - 7 minutes)

   a. The teacher should explain how the economy and nature are interrelated. For example, how the economy depends on natural resources for the production of goods and services, and how the exploitation of these resources can affect the environment.

   b. The teacher should discuss the concept of 'natural capital', explaining that natural resources are a form of capital that can be exploited for economic benefit.

   c. The teacher should emphasize the importance of sustainable use of natural resources, explaining how overexploitation can lead to environmental degradation and, ultimately, economic scarcity.

2. Theory: Changes in production and impact on the economy and nature (7 - 10 minutes)

   a. The teacher should explain how changes in production methods throughout history have affected both the economy and nature. This may include the transition from agriculture to industrialization, the shift to cleaner energy sources, and the introduction of technology in production.

   b. The teacher should discuss the idea of 'green transition', explaining how some economies are moving towards more sustainable production models and what the benefits and challenges of this transition are.

   c. The teacher can use case studies to illustrate these points. For example, Germany's transition to renewable energy ('Energiewende') or the growing green technology industry in California.

3. Practical activity: Analysis of problem situations (8 - 10 minutes)

   a. Returning to the problem situations presented in the introduction, the teacher should divide the students into groups and ask each group to analyze one of the situations.

   b. Students should discuss how the exploitation of natural resources or the introduction of renewable energy would affect the economy and nature. They should consider both the positive and negative impacts and think of possible solutions to the identified problems.

   c. After the discussion, each group should present their conclusions to the class. The teacher should facilitate the discussion by asking questions to stimulate critical thinking and deepen the students' understanding of the subject.

4. Theory conclusion: The importance of sustainability in the economy (5 - 7 minutes)

   a. The teacher should summarize the key points of the lesson, reiterating the importance of the interaction between economy and nature.

   b. The teacher should emphasize the need for sustainable management of natural resources to ensure the health of the global economy, as well as the survival and well-being of future generations.

   c. The teacher should encourage students to think about how they can contribute to sustainability in their own lives and communities.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Reflection on the Lesson (3 - 4 minutes):

   • The teacher should provide a brief recap of the lesson to reinforce the most important concepts. This can be done through a slide presentation or a spoken summary.
   • The teacher should ask students about the connections they were able to make between theory and practice. For example, they can be asked how the exploitation of natural resources in their local community affects the economy and the environment.
   • The teacher should encourage students to share their reflections on how changes in production methods, the exploitation of natural resources, and the transition to renewable energy sources have real and tangible impacts on the economy and nature.
   • The teacher should also ask students what they have learned about the concept of 'natural capital' and how it affects the economy and the environment.
   • The teacher should ask open-ended questions to stimulate students' critical thinking and allow them to express their opinions and ideas.

2. Concept Review (3 - 4 minutes):

   • The teacher should ask students to share what they consider to be the most important concept they learned during the lesson. This can be done in a group discussion or through a quick writing activity.
   • Students should also be asked about any questions that have not been answered for them. The teacher should strive to answer these questions or, if unsure of the answers, promise to research and bring the information in the next lesson.
   • The teacher can use a quick quiz or a poll to assess students' understanding of the lesson content.

3. Closure (1 - 2 minutes):

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should recap the key points and reinforce the importance of the interaction between economy and nature.
   • Additionally, the teacher should encourage students to continue learning about the subject outside the classroom, providing reading resources or suggesting research topics.
   • The teacher should end the lesson by emphasizing the importance of sustainable management of natural resources for the economy and the survival of future generations.

Conclusion (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Summarizing the Content (2 - 3 minutes):

   • The teacher should start the conclusion by summarizing the main points covered during the lesson. This includes the concept of 'natural capital', the relationship between economy and nature, changes in production methods throughout history, and the impact of these changes on the economy and the environment.
   • The teacher should reinforce the importance of sustainability in the economy, reminding students that proper management of natural resources is vital for both the economy and the survival of future generations.

2. Connection to Practice (2 - 3 minutes):

   • To demonstrate the applicability of what was learned, the teacher should revisit the problem situations discussed during the lesson and show how the presented concepts and theories apply to these concrete examples.
   • The teacher should emphasize that understanding the interaction between economy and nature is essential for making informed and sustainable decisions in their own lives and communities.

3. Extra Materials Suggestions (1 - 2 minutes):

   • To deepen students' knowledge on the subject, the teacher can suggest additional reading materials or documentaries on the relationship between economy and nature.
   • The teacher can also recommend websites, blogs, or podcasts that address sustainability and green economy issues so that students can continue learning outside the classroom.

4. Importance of the Subject in Daily Life (2 - 3 minutes):

   • Finally, the teacher should link the content of the lesson to students' daily lives. This can be done by highlighting how the decisions we make as consumers can impact the economy and the environment.
   • The teacher can give concrete examples, such as choosing sustainable products, reducing energy consumption, or supporting companies that adopt sustainable practices.
   • The teacher should emphasize that each individual has a role to play in promoting a sustainable economy and protecting our planet.