Lesson Plan | Traditional Methodology | Reflexive Pronouns

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to introduce students to the concept of reflexive pronouns and establish the theoretical basis that will be explored throughout the lesson. This stage is crucial for students to understand the specific objectives of the lesson and know which skills will be developed.

Main Objectives

1. Write reflexive pronouns in the appropriate form.

2. Verify the uses of reflexive pronouns.

3. Identify reflexive pronouns in texts.

Introduction

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to introduce students to the concept of reflexive pronouns and establish the theoretical basis that will be explored throughout the lesson. This stage is crucial for students to understand the specific objectives of the lesson and know which skills will be developed.

Context

Start the lesson by explaining that reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same person or thing. Emphasize that they are essential to avoid unnecessary repetitions and to make communication clearer and smoother. For example, in English, sentences like 'She cut herself' or 'They prepared themselves' use reflexive pronouns to indicate that the action falls on the subject itself.

Curiosities

Reflexive pronouns are widely used in everyday situations. For instance, on social media, it's common to see people saying things like 'I'm proud of myself' or 'He taught himself to play the guitar.' These pronouns help emphasize autonomy and self-fulfillment, concepts highly valued in today's society.

Development

Duration: (50 - 60 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to deepen students' understanding of reflexive pronouns, providing a detailed understanding of their forms and uses. During this stage, students have the opportunity to practice the correct use of reflexive pronouns through guided examples and practical exercises, reinforcing learning and facilitating the identification of these pronouns in texts.

Covered Topics

1. Definition and Use of Reflexive Pronouns: Explain that reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person. Highlight that they are formed with the suffix '-self' (singular) or '-selves' (plural). 2. List of Reflexive Pronouns: Present and write on the board the complete list of reflexive pronouns in English: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. 3. Usage Rules: Detail the specific rules for using reflexive pronouns, such as: Use after reflexive verbs (e.g., 'She taught herself'). Use for emphasis (e.g., 'I did it myself'). Do not use reflexive pronouns as direct objects when the subject and object are different (e.g., 'He saw him' not 'He saw himself'). 4. Practical Examples: Provide several practical examples and write sentences on the board to illustrate the correct use of reflexive pronouns. For example: 'I looked at myself in the mirror', 'They enjoyed themselves at the party'. 5. Common Errors: Discuss common errors when using reflexive pronouns, such as substituting them for personal pronouns (e.g., 'He hurt him' instead of 'He hurt himself') and explain why these constructions are incorrect.

Classroom Questions

1. 1. Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronoun: She looked at ____ in the mirror. The cat hurt ____ while playing. 2. 2. Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences: He taught him to play the piano. They were proud of them. 3. 3. Write three original sentences using reflexive pronouns correctly.

Questions Discussion

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the knowledge acquired by students about reflexive pronouns. Through detailed discussions of the answers and student engagement with reflective questions, students will have the opportunity to clarify doubts, reinforce the concepts learned, and reflect on the practical application of reflexive pronouns in different contexts.

Discussion

• 1. Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronoun:
• • She looked at herself in the mirror.
• • The cat hurt itself while playing.
• • Explanation: The reflexive pronouns 'herself' and 'itself' are used because the subject and the object of the sentence are the same.
• 2. Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences:
• • He taught him to play the piano. -> He taught himself to play the piano.
• • They were proud of them. -> They were proud of themselves.
• • Explanation: In the first sentence, 'him' was replaced by 'himself' because the action falls on the subject itself. In the second sentence, 'them' was corrected to 'themselves' to indicate that the subject and the object are the same.
• 3. Write three original sentences using reflexive pronouns correctly:
• • Possible examples:

•  - I made myself a cup of tea.
  

•  - They congratulated themselves on their success.
  

•  - She always reminds herself to stay positive.
  

• • Explanation: These sentences show the correct use of the reflexive pronouns 'myself', 'themselves', and 'herself', where the subject performs the action upon itself.

Student Engagement

1. 1. Why is it important to use reflexive pronouns correctly in a sentence? 2. 2. How do reflexive pronouns help make communication clearer? 3. 3. Can you think of other everyday situations where reflexive pronouns are used? 4. 4. What are some common mistakes you think you might make when using reflexive pronouns and how can you avoid them? 5. 5. How can you apply the knowledge of reflexive pronouns in your writing and other forms of written communication?

Conclusion

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this stage is to review and consolidate the main points addressed during the lesson, reinforcing students' learning. Through recap and emphasis on the practical importance of reflexive pronouns, this stage helps solidify knowledge and demonstrate the relevance of the content studied.

Summary

• Definition and Use of Reflexive Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person or thing.
• List of Reflexive Pronouns: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
• Usage Rules: Use after reflexive verbs, for emphasis, and do not use as direct objects when the subject and object are different.
• Practical Examples: Sentences like 'I looked at myself in the mirror' and 'They enjoyed themselves at the party'.
• Common Errors: Incorrectly replacing reflexive pronouns with personal pronouns.

The lesson connected theory with practice through detailed explanations of the use of reflexive pronouns, followed by practical examples and exercises that allowed students to apply their knowledge in real situations. This approach facilitated understanding and memorization of the usage rules of reflexive pronouns.

Understanding reflexive pronouns is crucial for clear and precise communication in English. In daily life, these pronouns are often used to emphasize actions performed by the subject itself, as in 'She taught herself to play the guitar'. Furthermore, they prevent unnecessary repetitions, making language more fluid and natural.