Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding the historical context of the English Revolution: Students should be able to identify and analyze the main events that led to the English Revolution, such as the Thirty Years' War, the Peasants' Revolt, and the English Civil War. They should understand the importance of these events and how they contributed to the revolution.

2. Identifying the different phases of the English Revolution: Students should be able to distinguish between the initial, intermediate, and final phases of the English Revolution. They should understand the political, social, and economic changes that occurred in each phase and how these changes impacted English society.

3. Analyzing the role of the main actors of the English Revolution: Students should be able to identify and evaluate the role played by key figures of the English Revolution, such as Oliver Cromwell and Charles I. They should understand the actions of these figures and how they influenced the course of the revolution.

   Secondary Objectives:

   • Develop critical thinking skills and historical analysis.
   • Promote the ability to make connections between historical events.
   • Stimulate discussion and debate in the classroom.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of previous contents: The teacher should start the lesson by briefly reviewing related contents that were previously covered and are fundamental for the understanding of the lesson topic. This may include a review of the period known as the 'Age of Discoveries' and the religious tensions in Europe in the 17th century. Additionally, it is important to recall the social and political structure of England at the time. (3 - 4 minutes)

2. Problem situations: To engage students, the teacher can present two situations that illustrate the complexity and importance of the English Revolution. The first could be the issue of religious freedom and the struggle between Anglicans and Puritans. The second could be the issue of sovereignty and the struggle between the king and parliament. These situations should serve as a starting point for exploring the lesson topic. (3 - 4 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then explain the importance of the English Revolution in the global context. They can highlight how the revolution helped establish England as an emerging power and how it influenced later events, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. Additionally, the teacher can connect the English Revolution with contemporary issues, such as democracy and human rights. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the topic: Finally, the teacher should introduce the lesson topic in an engaging way. They can share curiosities about the English Revolution, such as the fact that it was the first modern revolution to result in a radical change in the government of a nation. Additionally, the teacher can tell stories about key figures of the revolution, such as Oliver Cromwell, to humanize the topic and make it more interesting for students. (2 - 3 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory and Context (8 - 10 minutes): The teacher should provide an overview of the English Revolution, addressing the main events, phases, and actors. This should include:

   • Historical Context: The teacher should reinforce the historical context of the English Revolution, highlighting the political, social, and economic situation of England in the 17th century. The tension between the monarch and parliament should be emphasized, as well as the religious disputes between Anglicans and Puritans.

   • Main Events: The teacher should review the main events that led to the English Revolution, such as the Thirty Years' War, the Peasants' Revolt, and the English Civil War. They should explain how each of these events contributed to the revolution and the changes they brought.

   • Phases of the Revolution: The teacher should detail the three phases of the English Revolution - initial, intermediate, and final. They should explain the political, social, and economic changes that occurred in each phase and how they affected English society.

   • Main Actors: The teacher should present the main figures of the English Revolution, such as Oliver Cromwell and Charles I. They should discuss the role of each of these actors and how their actions influenced the course of the revolution.

2. Document Analysis (8 - 10 minutes): After the theory presentation, the teacher should provide students with a series of documents related to the English Revolution. This may include letters, speeches, pamphlets, and paintings. Students should be divided into groups, and each group should receive a different set of documents.

   • Reading and Discussion: Students should read the documents in their groups and discuss what they reveal about the English Revolution. They should try to identify the main themes and ideas in the documents and how they relate to the theory discussed earlier.

   • Presentation: After the discussion, each group should present their findings to the class. The teacher should facilitate the discussion by asking questions to deepen the students' understanding.

3. Practical Activity (6 - 8 minutes): To solidify the acquired knowledge, the teacher should propose a practical activity. This may include:

   • Role-playing Game: Students can be divided into groups, and each group can represent a different faction of the English Revolution. They should discuss and present arguments for their actions during the revolution. This will help students understand the different viewpoints and complexities of the revolution.

   • Timeline Creation: Students can create an interactive timeline of the English Revolution, highlighting the main events, phases, and actors. This will help consolidate students' knowledge and visualize the progression of the revolution.

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should promote a group discussion with the participation of all students. Each group should share the main conclusions and solutions they reached during the practical activity. The teacher should ensure that all viewpoints are heard and that the discussion is respectful and productive. The goal of this stage is to allow students to learn from each other and see different ways to approach and interpret the English Revolution.

2. Connection to Theory (2 - 3 minutes): After the group discussion, the teacher should connect the students' conclusions with the theory presented at the beginning of the lesson. The teacher should highlight how the practical activities helped illustrate and deepen the students' understanding of the context, events, phases, and actors of the English Revolution. This connection between theory and practice is essential for consolidating knowledge and developing students' critical thinking skills.

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): Finally, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they learned during the lesson. The teacher can ask questions such as:

   • What was the most important concept you learned today?
   • What questions have not been answered yet?
   • How can you apply what you learned today in other areas of your study or life?

   Students should have a minute to think about these questions. Then, the teacher can ask some students to share their answers. This final reflection will allow students to consolidate their learning and identify any gaps in their understanding that need to be filled in future lessons. Additionally, reflection can help students recognize the relevance and applicability of what they learned, which can increase their motivation and engagement.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should summarize the main points covered during the lesson, recalling the historical context of the English Revolution, the phases of the revolution, and the role of the main actors. The teacher can use graphs, diagrams, or timelines to visualize the progression of the revolution. This is a crucial moment to reinforce students' understanding of the English Revolution and ensure that they have absorbed the key concepts.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should highlight how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They can mention the practical activities carried out, such as document analysis and role-playing game, and explain how these activities helped illustrate and deepen students' understanding of the English Revolution. Additionally, the teacher can reinforce the relevance of the lesson topic by explaining how understanding the English Revolution can help comprehend later historical events and contemporary issues.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should suggest extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge of the English Revolution. This may include books, documentaries, history websites, and virtual museums. The teacher can also recommend that students research more about the figures of the English Revolution, such as Oliver Cromwell and Charles I, to better understand their roles and motivations.

4. Relevance of the Topic (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the lesson topic for students' daily lives. They can explain how the English Revolution helped shape modern England and establish principles that are fundamental for democracy and human rights. Additionally, the teacher can emphasize how the ability to analyze and understand historical events can be useful in many areas of life, including decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding the world around us.