Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the main events and figures of the Chinese Communist Revolution, including the crucial role played by Mao Zedong and his Red Army.
2. Analyse the historical circumstances that led to the revolution and how it shaped the course of Chinese and world history.
3. Discuss the consequences of the Chinese Communist Revolution, both in the short term (consolidation of communist power in China) and in the long term (global impact of Chinese communism).

Secondary objectives:

• Develop critical thinking skills by evaluating different perspectives on the Chinese Communist Revolution.
• Stimulate classroom debate and discussion, promoting active student participation in learning about the topic.

During this stage, the teacher should clearly explain the Objectives of the lesson, ensuring that students understand what is expected of them by the end of the session.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher should begin the lesson by reminding students about the basic concepts of communism and the political and social situation of China at the beginning of the 20th century. This includes the Fall of the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese Civil War, and the rise of the Kuomintang. The teacher can do this through a quick oral review or a written summary activity, to ensure that all students are on the same page before moving forward. (3 - 4 minutes)

2. Problem Situations: The teacher can then present two problem situations that will serve as a basis for the Introduction of the theory. The first situation could be: "How did a small peasant army manage to defeat one of the most powerful armies in the world?" The second situation could be: "How did the Chinese Communist Revolution manage to transform China from a backward, agrarian nation into a global superpower in just a few decades?" These questions should be presented in a way that intrigues students and sparks their interest in the topic. (2 - 3 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the subject, highlighting how the Chinese Communist Revolution shaped not only China, but also the world as we know it today. The teacher could mention the fact that China is now the world's second largest economy and a global power, largely due to the policies and reforms implemented during the Revolution. In addition, the teacher could briefly discuss China's role in the current international scenario and how this is directly related to the Chinese Communist Revolution. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the Topic: Finally, the teacher should introduce the topic of the lesson in an engaging way. This can be done by presenting curiosities or interesting stories related to the Chinese Communist Revolution. For example, the teacher could talk about the Long March, an epic military campaign that allowed the Red Army to escape the Nationalist forces and gain popular support. Another interesting story could be that of the Great Famine, a man-made disaster that resulted in millions of deaths due to economic mismanagement during the Great Leap Forward. These stories can help to humanize the topic and make it more relatable for students. (3 - 4 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Activity: The Communist Trail (10 - 12 minutes)

   • In this activity, the teacher will divide the class into groups of 4 to 5 students each. Each group will receive a map of China, marked with different important locations for the Chinese Communist Revolution. In addition, each group will receive cards with descriptions of key events or figures from the revolution. The goal is for students to place the cards in the correct locations on the map, following the chronological order of events.

   • To make the activity more interactive, the teacher can provide some visual aids, such as photos or drawings of the locations and figures. In addition, the teacher can encourage students to do some research on each event or figure, in order to deepen their understanding.

   • At the end of the activity, each group should present their map to the class, explaining the importance of each location and event. This will not only allow the other students to learn from the different groups, but it will also stimulate the practice of presentation and communication skills.

2. Activity: The Ideal Communist Leader (10 - 12 minutes)

   • In this activity, each group of students will receive a list of qualities and characteristics of an ideal communist leader. The lists may include items such as: "ability to mobilize the masses," "personal integrity," "long-term vision," "military skills," among others.

   • The goal is for students, as a group, to decide which qualities are the most important and to justify their choices. They should also identify which leaders of the Chinese Communist Revolution best embody these qualities.

   • To facilitate the activity, the teacher can provide brief biographies of Mao Zedong and other Chinese communist leaders. In addition, the teacher could give examples of situations from the history of the revolution in which these qualities were demonstrated.

   • At the end of the activity, each group should present their choices and justifications. This can lead to an interesting and enriching discussion, where students can learn from the perspectives of others and deepen their understanding of leadership in the communist revolution.

These activities will allow students to explore the Chinese Communist Revolution in a more engaging and interactive way. In addition, they will help to develop skills such as teamwork, critical thinking, and presentation and communication skills. The teacher should circulate around the room during the activities, providing guidance and clarification when necessary.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes)

   • After the Conclusion of the activities, the teacher should gather all the students and promote a group discussion. Each group will have a maximum of 3 minutes to share their conclusions or solutions from the activities carried out.

   • During the presentations, the teacher should encourage students to ask questions and make comments, thus promoting an exchange of ideas and perspectives among the students. This will help to consolidate learning and allow students to see the topic from different perspectives.

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes)

   • After the presentations, the teacher should synthesize the main ideas discussed and connect them to the theory presented at the beginning of the class. This can be done by highlighting how the activities helped to illustrate or deepen the theoretical concepts.

   • The teacher can also take this opportunity to clarify any misunderstandings that may have arisen during the activities, thus ensuring that all students have correctly understood the topic.

3. Individual Reflection (3 - 4 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher should propose that students reflect individually on what they learned in class. The teacher can do this by asking questions such as: "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions have not yet been answered?"

   • Students should have a minute to think about their answers, and then, if they feel comfortable, they can share them with the class. The teacher should encourage students to be honest and open in their reflections, and should answer students' questions or concerns as best as possible.

This Return is a crucial step for consolidating learning and ensuring that all students have understood and internalized the concepts presented. In addition, it helps to develop the skill of reflection and self-assessment in students, which is essential for autonomous learning. The teacher should conduct this Return in a thoughtful and respectful manner, valuing the contributions of all students.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of the Content (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should begin the Conclusion of the lesson by recapping the main points discussed. This includes reviewing the rise of communism in China, the Chinese Civil War, the role of Mao Zedong and the Red Army, and the major events of the Chinese Communist Revolution.

   • The teacher may choose to do this interactively, by asking students to share what they considered to be the most important points of the lesson. This not only reinforces what has been learned, but also allows the teacher to assess the effectiveness of the lesson and make adjustments for future sessions.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Next, the teacher should highlight how the lesson connected the theory, practice, and applications of the topic. The teacher could mention how the activities carried out helped to illustrate and deepen the theory, and how the group discussion allowed students to apply what they learned to real-world situations.

   • In addition, the teacher could reinforce how understanding the Chinese Communist Revolution is relevant for understanding modern China and the current global geopolitical landscape.

3. Extra Materials (1 minute)

   • The teacher should then suggest extra materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the topic. This could include books, documentaries, history websites, and scholarly articles.

   • For example, the teacher could suggest the book "The Chinese Revolution" by Stephen A. Smith, which offers a comprehensive and accessible analysis of the Chinese Communist Revolution. Another suggestion could be the documentary "The Chinese Revolution," produced by the BBC, which features archival footage and interviews with people who lived through the revolution.

4. Importance of the Topic (1 - 2 minutes)

   • Finally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the topic for the students' everyday lives. The teacher can discuss how the Chinese Communist Revolution shaped not only China, but also the world, and how its consequences are still felt today.

   • For example, the teacher could mention how the Chinese Communist Revolution influenced the Cold War and international relations, or how the economic policies implemented during the revolution transformed China into a global power.

   • In addition, the teacher can highlight how understanding the Chinese Communist Revolution can help students better understand communist ideology and its political, economic, and social implications.

This Conclusion will help to solidify learning, motivate students to continue learning about the topic, and to perceive the relevance of what was taught for their lives. The teacher should close the class in a positive and encouraging way, emphasizing the importance of continued effort and autonomous learning.