Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the origin and evolution of the Olympics: Students must be able to describe the beginning of the Olympics in Ancient Greece and how they have evolved over time, until they become the global event they are today.

2. Identify the main Olympic sports and their characteristics: Students must be able to list the sports that are part of the modern Olympics and briefly describe the characteristics and rules of each one.

3. Understand the importance of participating in the Olympics: Students must understand the relevance of participating in the Olympics, both from a sporting and a cultural point of view, and how the competition can unite different nations.

Secondary Goals:

• Promote research and debate in the classroom: Through the discussion about Olympic sports and the Olympics, students will be encouraged to research more about the topic and share their findings with the class, promoting a collaborative learning environment.

• Stimulate critical thinking: Students will be challenged to reflect on issues such as the inclusion of new sports in the Olympics, the benefits and challenges of organizing the event, and the impact of the Olympics on society. This reflection will develop their critical thinking skills.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

1. Review of previous content: The teacher should begin the class by briefly reviewing Ancient Greece, highlighting its importance in the history of sports and how the modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient ones. Additionally, you can remind students about the concepts of sports, competition, and the role of the Olympic movement. (2 - 3 minutes)

2. Problem situations: The teacher can then propose two problem situations to arouse students' curiosity and introduce the topic of the lesson:

   • "Did you know that initially, athletes competed naked in the Olympic Games of Ancient Greece? How do you think this tradition has evolved over time?"
   • "What sports do you think are the most popular in the modern Olympics? Why?" (3 - 4 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the subject, explaining how the Olympics are a global sporting event that promotes unity between peoples, overcoming limits, and respect for diversity. You can mention examples of famous Olympic athletes and how their trajectories have inspired and influenced society. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the Topic: To introduce the topic in an engaging way, the teacher can:

   • Curiosity 1: Share the curiosity that originally, the Olympic Games only allowed men to participate and that women were only included from 1900, with the inclusion of tennis and golf. (1 minute)
   • Curiosity 2: Tell the story of Jim Thorpe, one of the greatest Olympic athletes in history, who won two gold medals in the decathlon and pentathlon at the 1912 Olympics, but had his medals withdrawn because he had been a professional baseball player before the Games. The medals were returned to him and his story was rehabilitated only in 1982, 30 years after his death. (2 - 3 minutes)
   • Practical Application: Relate the importance of sport in modern society, including in the Olympics, with the current theme of respect for diversity and gender equality. (1 minute)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Origin and Evolution of the Olympics (5 - 7 minutes)

   • Remembering Ancient Greece: The teacher should reinforce the importance of Ancient Greece as the birthplace of the Olympic Games, highlighting that it was a competition between Greek city-states and that peace was guaranteed during the period in which the games were held.
   • The Renaissance of the Olympic Games: It should then be explained how Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a French pedagogue, was responsible for reviving the Olympic Games in the modern era, with the first edition taking place in 1896 in Athens, Greece.
   • The Expansion of the Olympics: The teacher should detail how, over time, more and more countries have participated in the Olympics, becoming the global event it is today. A world map can be used to show the evolution of participation throughout the editions.

2. Main Olympic Sports and Their Characteristics (10 - 12 minutes)

   • Presentation of the Sports: The teacher should present the list of current Olympic sports, highlighting the most popular and most recently included ones, such as skateboarding and climbing.
   • Brief Description of the Characteristics of the Sports: For each sport, the teacher should briefly explain its characteristics, such as whether it is an individual or team sport, the objective of the game, and the basic rules. Short videos of Olympic competitions can be used to illustrate the explanations.
   • Discussion about the Inclusion of New Sports: The teacher should promote a discussion about the inclusion of new sports in the Olympics, asking students which sports they would like to see in the Olympic Games and why.

3. The Importance of Participating in the Olympics (5 - 6 minutes)

   • Sport and Society: The teacher should explain how participating in the Olympics goes beyond sports competition, promoting unity between peoples, overcoming limits, and respect for diversity.
   • Olympics and Culture: The teacher should highlight how the Olympics are a showcase for the culture of the participating countries, with the opening and closing ceremonies, the athletes' uniforms, and local traditions.
   • Examples of Inspiring Athletes: The teacher should cite examples of famous Olympic athletes and their inspiring stories, reinforcing how participating in the Olympics can transform the lives of athletes and influence society.

The teacher should encourage students to actively participate throughout the class, promoting questions and discussions about the topics covered.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Connection with Practice (3 - 4 minutes)

   • The teacher should ask students to reflect on how Olympic sports and the Olympics are present in their daily lives. For example, they can think about TV shows they watch that cover the Olympics, or news about Olympic athletes that they see on their social networks.
   • The teacher should then encourage students to consider how playing sports, even if they are not Olympic, can promote values similar to those of the Olympics, such as respect, discipline, and overcoming limits.

2. Application of Knowledge (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should propose a moment of reflection, where students should think about a real situation where the knowledge acquired about Olympic sports and the Olympics could be applied. For example, they could think about how they could use this knowledge to choose a sport to practice, or to better understand the news about the Olympics that they see in the media.
   • Students should share their reflections with the class, promoting a debate about the different possible applications of the knowledge acquired.

3. Review of Key Concepts (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should review the key concepts of the lesson, reinforcing the importance of the origin and evolution of the Olympics, the variety of Olympic sports and their characteristics, and the relevance of participation in the Olympics.
   • Students should be invited to ask questions or share any doubts they may still have about the topics covered.

4. Final Reflection (1 minute)

   • To end the class, the teacher should propose that students reflect for a minute on what they have learned. They can think about which concept was the most important they learned, which questions have not yet been answered, or what they would like to learn more about the topic.

This Return moment is crucial to consolidate students' learning and to ensure that they are able to apply the knowledge acquired in their daily lives. Additionally, it promotes reflection and critical thinking, essential skills for autonomous learning and for the formation of active and conscious citizens.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of the Class (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should summarize the main points discussed during the class, recalling the origin and evolution of the Olympics, the Olympic sports and their characteristics, and the importance of participating in the Olympics.
   • You can also revisit the problem situations presented in the Introduction of the class and discuss how the knowledge acquired throughout the class can help resolve them.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should highlight how the class connected theory, practice, and applications. It can be mentioned how the discussion about Olympic sports and the Olympics allowed students to apply theoretical knowledge in a concrete and relevant way for their lives.
   • Additionally, it can be emphasized how the research, debate, and critical thinking skills developed during the class are important not only for the study of Physical Education, but for life in general.

3. Extra Materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest extra materials for students to deepen their understanding of the class topic. Books, documentaries, websites, and educational games related to the Olympics and Olympic sports can be indicated.
   • In addition, the teacher can suggest that students watch Olympic competitions on TV or the internet, paying attention to the characteristics of the sports and the values promoted by the Olympics.

4. Importance of the Subject (1 minute)

   • Finally, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the subject of the class, explaining how the knowledge about Olympic sports and the Olympics can be useful in the students' lives.
   • It can be mentioned, for example, how understanding Olympic sports can help students choose a sport to practice, or how valuing participation in the Olympics can inspire them to overcome challenges in their lives.

The Conclusion of the class is an opportunity to consolidate the students' learning, reinforce the relevance of the topic, and motivate them to continue studying about the subject. In addition, by suggesting extra materials and reflecting on the connection between the class and the real world, the teacher can stimulate the students' autonomous learning and curiosity.