Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the Concept of Percentages: The teacher will explain to the students what percentages are and their significance in real-world applications. They will provide a brief overview of how percentages are used in everyday life, such as understanding discounts, interest rates, and sales tax. The students should be able to understand the basic concept of a percentage and its relation to a whole.

2. Solve Basic Percentage Problems: The teacher will introduce the students to percentage problems, starting with simple ones. They will demonstrate how to calculate a percentage of a given number and how to find a percentage increase or decrease. The students should be able to solve these basic percentage problems using the given formulas.

3. Apply Percentages in Real-World Scenarios: The teacher will then show the students how to use percentages in real-world situations. They will present various examples, such as calculating a sale price, finding the amount of interest earned, or determining the final price after applying a discount. The students should be able to apply the percentage concepts they have learned to solve these practical problems.

Secondary Objectives:

• Collaboration and Communication: The teacher will encourage the students to work in groups to solve percentage problems. This will help foster collaboration and improve their communication skills as they explain their problem-solving methods to their peers.
• Critical Thinking: The teacher will pose questions that require the students to think critically and apply their understanding of percentages. This will help develop their analytical skills and deepen their understanding of the concept.

Introduction (10 - 12 minutes)

• The teacher will start by reminding the students of the previous lessons on fractions and decimals. They will briefly review the concepts of parts of a whole and parts per hundred, which are essential for understanding percentages. The teacher will ask a few quick review questions to ensure that the students have a solid foundation in these areas. (3 minutes)

• The teacher will then propose two problem situations to the students. The first problem could be a real-world scenario, such as a store offering a 20% discount on a product, and the students are asked to calculate the new price. The second problem could be a puzzle, like figuring out what percentage of classmates prefer pizza over burgers based on a survey result. These problems will serve as a teaser for the main topic and help the students see the relevance and applicability of percentages. (4 minutes)

• To contextualize the importance of percentages, the teacher will provide a couple of real-world applications. For instance, they could talk about how understanding percentages is crucial for saving money during sales or for calculating interest rates in finance. Another example could be how percentages are used in sports statistics, like a player's shooting percentage in basketball or a team's win percentage in football. The teacher will ask the students if they can think of any other real-world examples where percentages are used. (3 minutes)

• To grab the students' attention, the teacher will share two interesting facts related to percentages. The first fact could be about the origin of the word "percentage," which comes from the Latin "per centum," meaning "by the hundred." The second fact could be a fun application of percentages, like how a 50% chance of rain doesn't mean it will rain half the day, but rather that on average, it will rain on half of the days with similar conditions. These facts will help make the topic more engaging and spark the students' curiosity. (2 minutes)

• To conclude the introduction, the teacher will outline the objectives of the lesson and clarify that by the end of the session, the students should be able to solve basic percentage problems and apply the concept of percentages in real-world scenarios. They will also highlight the importance of collaboration, communication, and critical thinking in achieving these objectives.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

Activity 1: 'Percentages in the Mall' (7 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher will divide the students into groups of four and distribute a set of percentage problem cards to each group. These cards will have different scenarios related to a shopping mall, each involving a percentage calculation. (2 minutes)
• For example, one card could read: "You want to purchase a pair of sneakers for $80, and the store is offering a 25% discount. How much will you save?" Another card could be: "The mall has a total of 50 stores, and 20 of them are clothing stores. What percentage of the mall's stores is clothing stores?" (2 minutes)
• The groups will have to collaboratively solve these problems, using paper and pen, and help each other understand the concepts and calculations involved. The teacher will walk around the room, monitoring the groups, and offering guidance as needed. (3 - 4 minutes)
• After solving the problems, each group will share their solution for one card with the class, explaining their thought process and the steps they took to arrive at the answer. The teacher will clarify any misconceptions or errors and provide feedback on their work. (2 minutes)

Activity 2: 'Real-World Percentage Problems' (7 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher will transition to a hands-on activity by providing each group with a newspaper or magazine. The students will be asked to find advertisements or articles that involve percentages. (2 minutes)
• For instance, they might find an ad offering 30% off on a pair of jeans or an article that discusses the increase in student population in a school over the years. The students will identify the percentage problems in their chosen material and write them down. (2 minutes)
• The groups will then work on solving these problems, again using paper and pen and applying the percentage formulas they learned. The teacher will encourage them to discuss and compare their solutions within their group, promoting collaboration and peer learning. (3 - 4 minutes)
• After the activity, each group will present one of their problems to the class, explaining how they approached the problem and how they arrived at the solution. The teacher will provide feedback and correct any misconceptions if necessary. (2 minutes)

Activity 3: 'Percentage Puzzles' (6 - 8 minutes)

• The teacher will conclude the development stage with a fun and challenging activity called 'Percentage Puzzles.' Each group will receive a puzzle sheet with various percentage problems. (2 minutes)
• The problems will be designed as a puzzle, with the answer to one problem leading to the next, creating a 'treasure map' style sequence. This will add an element of fun and excitement to the activity. (1 minute)
• The students will work together to solve the puzzles, applying their knowledge of percentages and using their critical thinking skills. The teacher will circulate the room, offering hints and guiding the students as necessary. (3 - 4 minutes)
• Once a group has solved the final puzzle, they will be declared the winners and rewarded with a small token, like a percentage-themed bookmark. (1 - 2 minutes)
• The teacher will then facilitate a brief discussion, asking the students to share their strategies for solving the puzzles and what they found challenging. They will emphasize the importance of perseverance and critical thinking in problem-solving. (1 - 2 minutes)

Feedback (8 - 10 minutes)

• The teacher will begin the feedback stage by asking each group to share their solutions or conclusions from the activities. They will be given up to 2 minutes to present their work to the class. This will not only allow the students to showcase their understanding of the topic but also give them an opportunity to learn from their peers' approaches and solutions. The teacher will provide feedback and corrections as necessary. (3 - 4 minutes)

• The teacher will then facilitate a whole-class discussion, connecting the group activities to the theoretical concepts of percentages. They will ask the students to explain how they applied the concept of percentages in their solutions and what strategies they used to solve the problems. The teacher will also highlight any common mistakes or misconceptions that arose during the activities and provide correct explanations. (2 - 3 minutes)

• To assess the students' understanding of the topic, the teacher will propose a few reflective questions. They could ask, "Which real-world scenario involving percentages was the most interesting to you and why?" or "What was the most challenging percentage problem you encountered, and how did you solve it?" The students will be encouraged to think about these questions and share their thoughts with the class. This will help the students consolidate their learning and reflect on their problem-solving skills. (2 minutes)

• The teacher will then give the students a moment to reflect on the lesson and consider the following questions:

  1. "What was the most important concept you learned today?"
  2. "What questions or doubts do you still have about percentages?"
  3. "How can you apply what you learned today about percentages in real life?" The students will be asked to write down their answers in their notebooks. This will serve as a form of self-assessment and will help the teacher identify any areas of confusion or difficulty that need to be addressed in future lessons. (1 - 2 minutes)

• To wrap up the feedback stage, the teacher will summarize the key points of the lesson and remind the students of the importance of percentages in everyday life. They will encourage the students to continue practicing percentage problems and to be on the lookout for more real-world examples of percentages. The teacher will also assure the students that any remaining questions or doubts about percentages can be discussed in the next class or during office hours. (1 minute)

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

• The teacher will begin the conclusion by summarizing the main points of the lesson. They will reiterate the definition of a percentage and its relation to a whole, the formula for calculating percentages, and how to apply these concepts to solve basic percentage problems. The teacher will also recap the real-world applications of percentages discussed in the lesson, such as understanding discounts, interest rates, and sales tax. (2 minutes)

• The teacher will then explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They will highlight how the initial theoretical explanation of percentages was followed by hands-on activities where the students applied these concepts in real-world scenarios. The teacher will also mention how the activities helped the students practice their problem-solving skills and encouraged them to think critically. They will stress that understanding the theory is crucial, but being able to apply that knowledge in practical situations is equally important. (2 minutes)

• To further enhance the students' understanding of percentages, the teacher will suggest some additional materials for self-study. These could include online math games that involve percentage calculations, educational videos that explain percentages in a fun and engaging way, and additional practice problems in their textbooks or on educational websites. The teacher will also encourage the students to keep an eye out for percentages in their daily lives and to try to apply the concepts they've learned whenever they come across them. (1 minute)

• Finally, the teacher will discuss the importance of percentages in everyday life. They will explain that percentages are not just a concept studied in school, but a fundamental part of our daily lives. They are used in various situations, from understanding the price reduction during a sale to calculating interest rates in finance. The teacher will stress that being able to understand and work with percentages is a valuable skill that will benefit the students in many practical situations. (1 - 2 minutes)

• The teacher will then thank the students for their active participation and for their effort in understanding and applying the concept of percentages. They will remind the students that learning is a continuous process, and they should feel free to ask questions and seek clarification on any aspect of the lesson in the future. The teacher will also encourage the students to practice percentage problems regularly to reinforce their understanding and improve their proficiency in the topic. (1 minute)