Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understand the function of pronouns as substitutes for nouns, both in the subject and object positions, in the English language.
2. Differentiate between subject pronouns and object pronouns.
3. Practice the correct use of subject and object pronouns in various contexts.

Secondary Objectives:

• Recognize the importance of pronouns in constructing English sentences.
• Develop reading and comprehension skills in English.
• Reinforce knowledge in English grammar.

The teacher should start the lesson by presenting these Objectives to the students, so they know what to expect from the lesson and can prepare adequately. Additionally, it is important for the teacher to explain how these Objectives relate to the course curriculum.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Content: The teacher should begin the lesson by reminding students about the basic structure of English sentences, including the use of nouns and verbs. This is an important moment to clarify any doubts students may have and to ensure everyone is on the same page before moving on to a new topic.

2. Problem-Solving Scenarios: The teacher can present two problem-solving scenarios to pique students' interest and contextualize the lesson topic:

   • Scenario 1: The teacher can present an English sentence containing a subject pronoun and a sentence containing a scrambled object pronoun, and ask students if they can identify which is which and why.
   • Scenario 2: The teacher can present a situation where it is necessary to communicate an action performed by someone without specifying who, and ask students how they would do this in English. This will lead to a discussion about the use of subject and object pronouns in different contexts.

3. Contextualization: The teacher should explain the importance of studying subject and object pronouns, highlighting that they are essential for effective communication in English. It can be mentioned that by using pronouns correctly, unnecessary repetitions are avoided, and speech and writing become more fluent.

4. Introduction to the Topic: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share some curiosities or interesting facts about the use of pronouns in English:

   • Curiosity 1: English is one of the few languages that uses distinct subject and object pronouns. In many other languages, the pronoun is the same, regardless of whether it is used as a subject or object.
   • Curiosity 2: There are some complicated rules and exceptions for the use of pronouns in English. For example, in some situations, it is correct to use 'me' instead of 'I', as in 'John and me are going to the park'.

By the end of the Introduction, students should have a general understanding of the lesson topic, be motivated to learn more, and be ready to engage in learning activities.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Theory Presentation (10 - 12 minutes):

   • Definition and Examples: The teacher should start by explaining what subject and object pronouns are in the English language. Subject pronouns are used when the pronoun is acting as the subject in the sentence, while object pronouns are used when the pronoun is acting as the object in the sentence.

   • Subject Pronouns: The teacher should list the subject pronouns in English: I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. For each pronoun, the teacher should provide an example of how it can be used as a subject in a sentence. For example, 'I am a student.' or 'He likes to play soccer.'

   • Object Pronouns: Next, the teacher should list the object pronouns in English: me, you, him, her, it, us, and them. For each pronoun, the teacher should provide an example of how it can be used as an object in a sentence. For example, 'John gave it to me.' or 'I saw him at the store.'

   • Differentiation between Subject and Object: The teacher should explain the difference between subject and object in a sentence, emphasizing that the subject is the one performing the action and the object is the one receiving the action.

   • Guided Practice: The teacher should guide students through some practical examples, asking them to identify the subject and object in each sentence. This will help reinforce the concept and ensure students are understanding the theory.

2. Practical Activity (10 - 12 minutes):

   • Card Game: The teacher should prepare a set of cards, each with an English sentence containing a pronoun. Some cards should contain subject pronouns and others object pronouns. Students should, in pairs, try to identify whether the pronoun in the sentence is a subject or object. The teacher should circulate around the room, providing guidance and clarifying doubts as needed.

   • Creating Sentences: Still in pairs, students should create their own English sentences using both subject and object pronouns. This will help consolidate knowledge and practice applying the concept in a real context.

3. Discussion and Correction (5 - 7 minutes):

   • Group Discussion: After the practical activity, the teacher should lead a group discussion, asking students to share their sentences and explain why they used a subject or object pronoun in each case. This will allow students to learn from each other and clarify any doubts they may have.

   • Error Correction: The teacher should correct any errors students may have made and reinforce the key points of the lesson. This is especially important to correct any misunderstandings that may have arisen during the practical activity.

At the end of the Development, students should have a solid understanding of the theory of subject and object pronouns, as well as the practical application of these concepts. They should also have had the opportunity to practice these skills and receive feedback on their performance.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Lesson Review (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should start the Return stage by reviewing the main points discussed during the lesson. This includes the definition of subject and object pronouns, the difference between them, and the correct use of them in English sentences. The teacher can recall the practical activities carried out, highlighting common mistakes made by students and explaining the correct way to solve them.

2. Connection between Theory and Practice (2 - 3 minutes): Next, the teacher should explain how the presented theory connects with practice. This can be done through concrete examples, showing how subject and object pronouns are used in everyday situations. For example, the teacher can show how these pronouns are used in songs, movies, or news texts. This will help students understand the relevance of what they have learned and apply this knowledge in their own lives.

3. Reflection on Learning (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should then propose that students reflect on what they have learned. The teacher can ask questions like:

   • What was the most important concept learned today?
   • What questions have not been answered yet?
   • How can you apply what you learned today in real situations?

   These questions will help students internalize what they have learned and think critically about the lesson content. The teacher should encourage students to share their answers, creating a collaborative learning environment.

4. Teacher Feedback (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should give overall feedback on the lesson, praising students' strengths and encouraging them to continue practicing. The teacher should reinforce the importance of the lesson topic and explain how subject and object pronouns are fundamental for effective communication in English. The teacher should also mention any points that need to be reviewed in the next lesson, ensuring students are prepared for the upcoming topic.

At the end of the Return stage, students should have a clear understanding of what they have learned, how it applies to real life, and areas where they still need improvement. This stage is essential to consolidate learning and ensure students are ready to move on to the next topic.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should start the Conclusion by summarizing the main points covered during the lesson. This includes the definition of subject and object pronouns, the difference between them, and the correct use of them in English sentences. The teacher should highlight the main rules and patterns students should keep in mind when using pronouns in their own communications.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): Next, the teacher should reinforce how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. This can be done by reviewing the practical activities carried out and discussing how the acquired knowledge can be applied in everyday situations. For example, the teacher can mention that by using subject and object pronouns correctly, students will be able to communicate more effectively and fluently in English, whether in the classroom, at work, or in their social interactions.

3. Extra Materials (1 minute): The teacher should suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their understanding of the lesson topic. This may include grammar books, educational websites, instructional videos, language learning games, and conversation practice apps. The teacher should encourage students to use these resources to strengthen their English pronoun skills and prepare for the next lesson.

4. Importance of the Topic (1 - 2 minutes): Finally, the teacher should emphasize the importance of subject and object pronouns in English communication. The teacher can explain that, although pronouns may seem small and insignificant, they play a crucial role in sentence construction and conveying meaning. The teacher should reinforce that by mastering the use of pronouns in English, students will be one step closer to becoming proficient speakers of the language.

At the end of the Conclusion, students should have a clear understanding of the lesson topic, how it relates to the real world, and where they can find more resources to deepen their learning. The Conclusion is a fundamental part of the lesson, as it helps consolidate students' knowledge and prepare them for what comes next.