Lesson Plan | Active Learning | Percentage: Conversion with Fractions and Decimals

Assumptions: This Active Lesson Plan assumes: a 100-minute class, prior student study with both the Book and the start of Project development, and that only one activity (among the three suggested) will be chosen to be conducted during the class, as each activity is designed to take up a significant portion of the available time.

Objectives

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The Objectives stage is essential for directing the focus of students and the teacher towards the core competencies that will be explored during the lesson. Clearly establishing what is expected to be achieved helps in organizing subsequent activities and ensures that all parties involved are aligned with the desired learning outcomes. In addition, by specifying the objectives, students can better assess their own progress and understanding of the content.

Main Objectives:

1. Empower students to convert decimal numbers into fractions and percentages, and vice versa, using practical and comprehensible methods.

2. Develop the skill to solve practical problems involving conversions between decimals, fractions, and percentages, applying the knowledge gained in a contextualized manner.

Side Objectives:

1. Encourage communication and teamwork during practical activities in the classroom.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The purpose of the Introduction stage is to engage students with the content they studied previously at home, using problem situations that make them think critically and apply their knowledge practically. The contextualization of the theme with everyday examples aims to show the relevance of studying conversions of percentages, fractions, and decimals, paving the way for a deeper and more meaningful application in the classroom.

Problem-Based Situations

1. Imagine that you and your friends are planning a birthday party and need to calculate how much of each ingredient will be necessary to make a cake for 20 people. The cake mix package indicates that you need to add 0.5 liters of milk for each package. How would you convert this amount to milliliters, if the original recipe is given as a percentage of a 2-liter capacity?

2. In a store, a product has a 15% discount, and the original price is R$ 80.00. If you want to know how much you will pay after the discount, how would you use percentage conversion to calculate the new price?

Contextualization

The ability to convert between percentages, fractions, and decimals is fundamental not only in mathematics but also in everyday situations such as shopping, cooking, and even financial planning. For example, when calculating discounts on purchases, understanding the percentage of taxes on a salary, or even dividing a pizza among friends, these conversions are necessary. Furthermore, this skill helps to develop logical reasoning and the ability to apply mathematical knowledge in diverse practical contexts.

Development

Duration: (75 - 85 minutes)

The Development stage is designed to allow students to practically and contextually apply the knowledge gained at home about conversion between fractions, percentages, and decimals. While working on group activities, students have the opportunity to discuss and collaborate, reinforcing their learning through interaction with peers and the resolution of real and puzzling problems. This playful and interactive approach aims not only to consolidate mathematical understanding but also to develop skills in communication, logical reasoning, and teamwork.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended to carry out only one of the suggested activities

Activity 1 - The Great Fair of Fractions and Percentages

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Apply the conversions between fractions, percentages, and decimals in a practical and contextualized manner, developing collaboration and communication skills.

- Description: In this playful activity, students will be organized into groups of up to 5 people to participate in the 'Great Fair of Fractions and Percentages'. Each group will receive a 'booth' (table) with various products (cards) that need to be categorized and properly labeled with their respective fractions, percentages, and decimals. The products include items like cake, pizza, discounts on clothes, etc.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Distribute cards representing real products and situations involving fractions, percentages, and decimals.

• Students must categorize each card and clearly identify the associated fraction, percentage, and decimal.

• Each group should discuss internally and justify their choices before placing the correct labels on the cards.

• At the end, each group will present their 'booth' to the class, explaining the reasoning behind the choices made for each product.

Activity 2 - Mathematical Treasure Hunt

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Develop logical reasoning and teamwork skills while consolidating understanding of mathematical conversions in fun and challenging contexts.

- Description: Students will participate in a treasure hunt game inside the classroom, where they will need to find and solve mathematical puzzles related to conversion between fractions, percentages, and decimals to advance to the next clue. Each clue hides a 'treasure' that is a real situation where correct knowledge leads to the conclusion of the activity.

- Instructions:

• Prepare the puzzles in advance and hide the clues around the classroom.

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 students.

• Start the game with the first clue, which will lead students to find the next clue.

• Each clue contains a problem that must be solved in a group to advance in the game.

• The first group to reach the final 'treasure', correctly solving all the problems, will be the winner.

Activity 3 - Builders of Mathematical Cities

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Visualize and concretely and creatively apply the relationships between fractions, percentages, and decimals, promoting understanding through manipulation and construction.

- Description: In this construction activity, students will use building blocks to create 'cities' where each building represents a fraction, percentage, or decimal. Each group must follow a 'master plan' that specifies the location and type of building to be constructed in each part of the city.

- Instructions:

• Organize students into groups of up to 5.

• Distribute the building blocks and the 'master plan' to each group.

• Students must use the blocks to build the city according to the specifications of the plan, with each building representing a fraction, percentage, or decimal.

• After construction, each group will present their city, explaining how each part correctly represents the fraction, percentage, or decimal.

Feedback

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

The purpose of this feedback stage is to allow students to reflect on what they have learned and articulate their understanding in a collaborative learning context. Group discussion helps solidify knowledge as students can hear different perspectives and approaches to the same problems. Additionally, this stage provides the teacher with a clear view of how students are assimilating the content, allowing for final adjustments in the teaching and learning process.

Group Discussion

At the end of the activities, promote a group discussion with all students. Start the discussion with a brief introduction: 'Let's share what we learned today. Each group will have the opportunity to explain to the class how they applied the concepts of fractions, percentages, and decimals in the activities. Additionally, we will discuss what challenges were encountered and how they were overcome.'

Key Questions

1. What were the main challenges when converting between fractions, percentages, and decimals during the activities?

2. How did the practical activity help consolidate your understanding of the topic?

3. Can you give an example of how you would use what you learned today in an everyday situation?

Conclusion

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The purpose of the Conclusion stage is to consolidate learning, ensuring that students have understood the concepts addressed and can link the knowledge gained with practical applications. Summarizing and recapping content helps in the retention of the material, while the discussion about the connection between theory and practice and the relevance of the topic to daily life reinforces the importance of what has been learned. This stage also serves to evaluate how well students have achieved the learning objectives of the lesson and prepare them for future applications of mathematical concepts.

Summary

In conclusion, it is essential to summarize the key points addressed today. Students explored the conversion between fractions, percentages, and decimals both practically and theoretically, applying these concepts in everyday scenarios, such as mathematical problems and real situations. All groups actively participated, sharing their discoveries and solutions.

Theory Connection

Today's lesson was structured to connect theory with practice in an integrated manner. Through playful and challenging activities, students were able to visualize and apply theoretical knowledge in real contexts, aiding in the comprehension and retention of information. The flipped classroom methodology allowed the theory studied at home to be applied and deeply explored during class.

Closing

The importance of mastering conversion between fractions, percentages, and decimals is evident in daily life, whether in shopping, cooking, or finances. These concepts are fundamental for adulthood, helping in understanding discounts, financial calculations, and even the fair division of tasks. Therefore, today's lesson was not only academic but also prepared students to apply knowledge in practical situations.