Objectives (5 minutes)

1. Understand Japan's geography: Students should be able to identify Japan's location on the world map, neighboring countries, and the main bodies of water surrounding it. Additionally, they should comprehend the country's topography and geographical configuration, including mountains, plains, and islands.

2. Analyze the Japanese population and culture: Students should be able to describe Japan's demographics, including population density, geographical distribution of inhabitants, and the main cultural characteristics of the country.

3. Understand the interaction between humans and the environment in Japan: Students should be able to identify and explain the influence of natural factors on the formation of Japanese society and culture, as well as human actions that affect the environment.

Secondary Objectives:

• Develop research and presentation skills: Students will be encouraged to seek additional information about Japan to complement the content presented in the classroom. They will also have the opportunity to practice their presentation skills by sharing their findings with the class.

• Foster global awareness: By learning about Japan's geography, population, and culture, students will be encouraged to think more broadly about the world around them and develop an appreciation for cultural and geographical diversity.

The teacher should start the lesson by clearly explaining these Objectives, so that students know what to expect and what is expected of them during the lesson. This will allow them to mentally prepare for the lesson and be more engaged in the learning process.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of previous content:

   • The teacher should start by reviewing basic geography concepts, such as the location of different countries and continents on the world map, the definition of population density, and the influence of the environment on the formation of societies.
   • Next, a brief review of Japanese culture should be conducted, highlighting aspects such as the importance of respect, hierarchy, and tradition in Japanese society.

2. Problem situations:

   • The teacher can propose two situations that will pique students' interest. The first one could be: "Japan is a country with a very dense population and a large number of mountains. How do these geographical factors influence people's lives and the organization of space in the country?"
   • The second situation could be: "Japan is known for its advanced technology, but also for its ancient traditions. How do these two seemingly opposite aspects coexist in Japanese society?"

3. Contextualization:

   • The teacher should explain the importance of studying the geography and culture of other countries, emphasizing how this helps to better understand the world we live in and to appreciate cultural diversity.
   • Regarding Japan, the influence of Japanese culture in various parts of the world, such as in gastronomy, martial arts, and technology, can be mentioned.

4. Engaging students' attention:

   • The teacher can start by sharing an interesting fact about Japan, such as the fact that the country has more than 6,800 islands, the largest of which is Honshu, where major cities like Tokyo and Osaka are located.
   • Another interesting fact is that Japan is one of the countries most prone to earthquakes and tsunamis due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire.
   • The teacher can also show images of Japanese landscapes, such as rice terraces, Buddhist temples, and skyscrapers in Tokyo, to spark students' curiosity about the country's geography and culture.

The Introduction should be planned to arouse students' interest, making them want to learn more about Japan. The teacher should be prepared to answer questions and promote discussions on the topics presented.

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Exploring Japan's geography (10 - 12 minutes)

   • The teacher should start by explaining Japan's location on the world map and its neighboring countries. The importance of the sea in Japan's economy and culture should be emphasized.
   • Next, the teacher should explain Japan's topography, highlighting the presence of several mountain ranges. The teacher can mention Mount Fuji, one of Japan's most well-known symbols.
   • Additionally, the teacher should talk about Japan's plains and coastal areas, where most of the population lives and agriculture is practiced.
   • To make the lesson more dynamic, the teacher can show images and videos of Japanese landscapes using a projector or interactive whiteboard.

2. Analyzing the Japanese population and culture (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher should explain that Japan is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with the majority of the population living in urban areas.
   • Next, information about Japan's demographics should be provided, including life expectancy, birth rate, and immigration.
   • The teacher should also explain some cultural characteristics of Japan, such as the importance of respect, harmony, and tradition.
   • To illustrate these concepts, the teacher can use examples of Japanese daily life, such as Japanese etiquette, traditional festivals, and the architecture of temples and shrines.

3. Understanding the interaction between humans and the environment in Japan (5 - 6 minutes)

   • The teacher should explain how Japan's geography influenced the formation of its society and culture. For example, the mountains isolated different regions of Japan, leading to the development of regional dialects and unique traditions.
   • The teacher should also discuss the fishing industry and agriculture in Japan, which are influenced by the sea and the country's topography.
   • Additionally, the teacher should address some of the environmental issues Japan faces, such as air and water pollution, destruction of natural habitats, and climate change.
   • To make the lesson more interactive, the teacher can facilitate a classroom discussion on how natural and human factors interact in Japan.

This Development should be carried out to allow students to ask questions and actively participate in the lesson. The teacher should encourage students to share their own experiences and knowledge about Japan, if any, to enrich the discussion.

Return (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Connecting theory with practice (5 - 7 minutes)

   • The teacher should start this stage by reviewing the main concepts discussed in the lesson, recalling Japan's geography, Japanese demographics and culture, and the interaction between humans and the environment in the country.
   • Next, the teacher should ask students to reflect on how these concepts apply in real life. For example, how does Japan's topography influence the population distribution and the country's economy? How does Japanese culture manifest in the daily lives of Japanese people?
   • The teacher can also encourage students to think about how the environmental issues discussed in the lesson relate to what is happening in the world currently. For instance, what are the similarities and differences between the environmental problems faced by Japan and Brazil?

2. Reflecting on learning (3 - 5 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest that students reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson. They should think about the most important concept they learned and what questions remain unanswered.
   • The teacher can provide a questionnaire or a list of questions to guide this reflection. Some possible questions are: "What was the most interesting aspect of Japan's geography for you?", "What do you think is the biggest environmental challenge faced by Japan?", and "Which aspects of Japanese culture would you like to learn more about?".
   • After students finish reflecting, the teacher can ask some of them to share their answers with the class. This can help identify any gaps in students' understanding and provide useful feedback for the next lesson.

3. Preparing for the next lesson (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should briefly explain what the topic of the next lesson will be and how it relates to what was learned in the current lesson. For example, if the next lesson is about Japan's economy, the teacher can explain how the country's geography and demographics influence its economy.
   • The teacher can also suggest some preparation activities for the next lesson, such as reading an article on the topic, researching additional information, or preparing questions for the following lesson.

This Return stage is crucial for consolidating students' learning and preparing them for what comes next. The teacher should ensure that all students have the opportunity to participate and that their voices are heard. Additionally, the teacher should be open to feedback and willing to adjust the lesson plan according to students' needs and interests.

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Summary of contents (2 - 3 minutes)

   • The teacher should summarize the main points discussed in the lesson, recalling Japan's location, geography, Japanese population and culture, and the interaction between humans and the environment in the country.
   • It is important to highlight again how Japan's topography, with its mountains and islands, influences various aspects of life in the country, from population distribution to economic and cultural activities.
   • The teacher should also emphasize the importance of understanding Japanese culture to better comprehend the society and customs of the country, and how the interaction between the population and the environment impacts quality of life and environmental issues.

2. Relevance of the subject (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should explain the importance of learning about the geography and culture of other countries, and how this helps to develop a broader and more respectful view of the world.
   • In the case of Japan, the teacher can highlight the influence of Japanese culture in various parts of the world, such as in cuisine, martial arts, fashion, and technology, and how the country's economy, based on high-tech industries, has a global impact.

3. Extra materials (1 - 2 minutes)

   • The teacher should suggest some extra materials for students who wish to deepen their knowledge about Japan. This may include books, documentaries, websites of Japanese institutions, and articles from magazines and newspapers.
   • Some examples of materials could be: the book "Geography of Japan: Physical and Cultural Characteristics" by Luiz Gilberto de Miranda Júnior, the documentary "Japan: a country of the future" from the series "The World According to Brazilians", and the website of the Embassy of Japan in Brazil, which provides information about Japanese culture and cooperation between the two countries.

4. Closing (1 minute)

   • To conclude the lesson, the teacher should thank the students for their participation, reinforce the importance of what was learned, and motivate them for the next lesson.
   • The teacher can also remind students of any tasks or activities assigned for the next lesson to ensure they are prepared.

The Conclusion is a crucial part of the lesson plan, as it helps to consolidate students' learning, motivate them for independent study, and prepare them for the next lesson. The teacher should ensure that all students understand the main points of the lesson and are aware of any tasks or activities that need to be completed.