Contextualization

The Bernoulli's Principle is a crucial concept in Physics and encompasses the conservation of energy in fluid flow. This principle is closely related to the Bernoulli's equation, which demonstrates the relationship between pressure, velocity, and elevation of a moving fluid. This principle was established by Daniel Bernoulli in the 18th century and has been a fundamental concept in many technical applications to this day.

Daniel Bernoulli was a Swiss mathematician who was interested in the concepts of velocity and pressure in relation to fluids. He derived an equation, now known as the Bernoulli's equation, which shows the relationship between these factors. It is important to note that the Bernoulli's Principle applies to ideal fluids, that is, fluids with no viscosity and incompressibility. Despite being an approximation, this principle is quite useful and applied in many everyday cases for the study of fluids.

The Bernoulli's Principle has a wide range of applications, from the design of aircraft and cars to understanding the movement of blood flow in the human body. Through this premise, we can understand how the air pressure around an airplane allows it to fly or how blood flow can be affected by different pressure and velocity conditions. Therefore, the study of the Bernoulli's Principle and its understanding is essential not only for future physicists but also for engineers, biologists, and doctors.

The internet has a multitude of resources that students can use to start studying the Bernoulli's Principle. Here are some of them:

• Bernoulli's Principle Concept
• Applications of the Bernoulli's Equation
• Explanatory Video on the Bernoulli's Principle

Remember, these resources are a starting point for studying the Bernoulli's Principle. Additionally, read physics books and consult academic documentation for a better understanding of this principle.

It is up to you, students, to use both the theoretical knowledge about the Bernoulli's Principle and online resources to develop an engaging, collaborative, and learning-filled project.

Practical Activity

Activity Title: Building and Analyzing a Homemade Wind Tunnel

Project Objective

The objective of this project is to build a homemade wind tunnel to investigate the Bernoulli's Principle. Initially, the idea is to understand the theory behind the Bernoulli's Principle and then apply it in practice by conducting experiments with the homemade wind tunnel, observing the effect of air pressure and velocity on different objects.

Detailed Project Description

In groups of 3 to 5, students will build a homemade wind tunnel using common materials. They will use the wind tunnel to test the influence of wind speed and air pressure on the movement of different objects. After the experimentation, students should analyze the results obtained and relate the data to the Bernoulli's Principle.

Materials Needed

• A large cardboard box
• Fan
• Adhesive tape
• Scissors
• Graph paper
• Marker pens
• Various objects for the experiment (paper, straws, feathers, etc.)
• Scale
• Anemometer (or some app that measures wind speed)

Step by Step

1. Build a wind tunnel according to the models available on the internet. Make sure that the high airflow can be controlled by the fan.
2. Define 5 different objects of different weights and sizes for the experiment.
3. Place one object at a time in the wind tunnel and observe what happens when the wind speed is gradually increased. Take notes of your observations.
4. Record the wind speed in each experiment using the anemometer.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for all defined objects.
6. After the experimentation, analyze the results. Can the data support the Bernoulli's Principle?

The project deliverables include the built wind tunnel, documentation of the experiments conducted, and the final report.

The report should be done in Markdown format and should include:

• Introduction: Present the Bernoulli's Principle and its relevance, as well as explain the project's objective.
• Development: Describe the theory behind the Bernoulli's Principle and the activity carried out, the methodology used to conduct the experiments, the construction of the wind tunnel, and each experiment in detail.
• Results and Discussion: Present the results obtained from each experiment and discuss what the results mean in relation to the Bernoulli's Principle.
• Conclusions: Conclude the report, highlighting the main points of the project, what was learned, and what conclusions were drawn about the Bernoulli's Principle.
• Bibliography: Include all sources that were used for research and project implementation.

Students are expected to use the Bernoulli's equation to interpret their results. Likewise, they are expected to develop socio-emotional skills such as time management, effective communication, problem-solving, creative thinking, and proactivity during the project execution.