Question bank: Nationalism and Geopolitics

The concept of nationalism in geopolitics is a feeling of belonging and loyalty to a nation, playing important roles in historical processes, such as the formation of states and territorial disputes. Based on this concept, which of the following statements correctly describes nationalism in a geopolitical context?

Nationalism is a phenomenon that has deeply influenced international relations and the political behavior of many countries. Amid geopolitical tensions, nationalism can be both a factor of internal unity and conflict between nations. Based on this context, analyze the following excerpt from the book 'The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order' by Samuel Huntington: 'People and nations are more likely to group around cultural identities than around economic or ideological interests... Culture, like communism and fascism before, is now the driving force that unites and divides the world.' Considering this statement and your knowledge, discuss: 1) How cultural nationalism can manifest in different parts of the world and influence international relations; 2) How geopolitics is affected by these manifestations of nationalism, taking into account both historical and contemporary examples. Present a case that illustrates your argument, highlighting the interaction between nationalism, culture, and geopolitics.

Separatisms are political movements that seek the independence of a region or country, often motivated by cultural and historical differences between regions. In the European continent, which was the first state to adopt a federalist model to try to contain separatist movements?

People without Nation States are often victims of discrimination by state governments, which hinders the development of these groups. For example, in many cases, these people are deprived of their ancestral lands and have their human rights violated. Which of the following consequences results from the violation of human rights of people without Nation States?

Nationalism is a complex phenomenon that can strongly influence the geopolitical relations between countries. It manifests itself in various forms, from the valorization of cultural and ethnic identities to the strengthening of aggressive foreign policies based on national interests. Based on this context, analyze the following hypothetical situation: 'An insular country, with a history of colonization by multiple powers and that recently gained its independence, finds itself at an impasse due to the discovery of vast oil reserves in its territorial waters. These reserves have sparked territorial disputes with neighboring countries and internally rekindled separatist movements in regions that now see an opportunity for economic independence.' Based on this situation, answer: 1. How can nationalism be a factor in exacerbating or resolving the geopolitical conflicts arising from the discovery of oil reserves? 2. What would be the possible influences of this scenario on diplomatic relations with neighboring countries and on negotiations with separatist regions? Justify your answers based on concepts of nationalism and geopolitics, considering the historical context of post-colonization and the economic implications of the discovery of oil reserves for the country and the parties involved.