Question bank: Construction of Morality

The construction of morality has roots in different cultures, times, and spaces, influencing the formation of ethical subjects and the appreciation of principles such as freedom, cooperation, and autonomy. Based on this statement, explain briefly how morality can vary between different cultures and analyze the importance of democratic coexistence in building a collective morality. Additionally, discuss how morality influences the application of ethical principles in the citizen's daily life.

In the stage of Autonomous Morality explained by Jean Piaget, how do children tend to evaluate rules?

In the scope of human relations, the construction of morality has been the subject of study and reflection in various areas of knowledge, from Philosophy to Sociology, passing through Psychology. In this context, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant proposed a categorical imperative that, synthetically, determines: 'Act in such a way that the maxim of your action can always be valid as a principle of universal legislation'. Considering this Kantian premise and reflecting on contemporary ethical complexities, such as dilemmas related to privacy and the increasing social interactions mediated by technologies, what would be the application of Kant's categorical imperative for evaluating behavior on digital platforms?

Throughout history, various philosophers and cultures have contributed to the construction of morality and the formation of ethical subjects who value principles such as freedom, cooperation, autonomy, and solidarity. In this sense, it is important to understand how different philosophical perspectives approach the theme. Considering this contextualization, which of the following alternatives presents a philosophical perspective that is based on the idea that morality is grounded in the duties we have towards other human beings?

During the 18th century, the philosopher Immanuel Kant developed an ethical theory strongly based on reason and the notion of duty, aiming to establish universal principles for moral conduct. In his work 'Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals', Kant argues that the moral value of an action lies not in the result that follows from it, but in the maxim that motivated it, proposing the 'categorical imperative' as a formula to evaluate the morality of an act. In parallel, in the field of Biology, Charles Darwin, with the publication of 'On the Origin of Species', revolutionized the understanding of species evolution, introducing the concept of natural selection, where organisms most adapted to the environment have a greater chance of survival and reproduction. Considering the historical context of the Industrial Revolution and the debates on the social and environmental impacts of technological development, analyze the intersection between Kant's ethical theory and Darwin's biological perspective to understand how contemporary moral challenges, such as environmental preservation and social justice, demand a critical reflection on the application of universal principles in the face of complex human and natural relationships.