Question bank: Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

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Question 1:

Easy

In which position is the nitrile group located in the main chain of a compound of pentane-2-nitrile?

Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

Question 2:

Easy

Nitriles are also known as cyanides, with this denomination being more commonly used when referring to simple compounds, i.e., those that have only one cyano- function. What is the name of the monosubstituted nitrile with the molecular formula C2H5CN?

Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

Contextualized Question

Question 3:

Medium

During a research on organic compounds, you come across the topic 'Nitrile and Isonitrile - nomenclature'. Understanding the correct nomenclature of these compounds is essential for precise communication with other chemists and scientists. Based on this, elaborate the appropriate nomenclature for the following compounds, describing the reasoning behind each step of the process: a) CH3CN (nitrile); b) CH3NC (isonitrile); c) C4H7NO (nitrile, where the cyano group is attached to the second carbon of the chain).

Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

Question 4:

Hard

Nitriles and isonitriles are organic compounds that are part of a wide range of industrial applications, including the manufacturing of polymers and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, these substances are often found in complex biochemical processes, where their correct identification and nomenclature are essential for understanding their properties and reactions. Consider the organic compound with the molecular formula C₅H₅N₃, which has a linear carbon chain and, at the same time, a functional carbon-nitrogen triple bond. This compound can be designated as both a nitrile and an isonitrile, depending on the position of the triple bond in relation to the cyano group. Based on knowledge of organic chemistry and IUPAC nomenclature, identify the correct nomenclature for this compound and justify your answer.

Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

Contextualized Question

Question 5:

Medium

Name and differentiate a nitrile from an isonitrile, explaining the nomenclature rules for each organic function. Then, relate the toxicity of both substances to their respective applications in the chemical industry, considering the importance of correct nomenclature for safety and accident prevention.

Organic Functions: Nomenclature of Nitrile and Isonitrile

Multidisciplinary Question

IARA TIP

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