Question bank: Modes and Transportation: Review

Brazil has continental dimensions and a complex transportation network that includes various modes such as highways, railways, waterways, and pipelines, each with its own advantages and challenges. Considering the importance of transportation in economic and social development, as well as environmental sustainability, analyze the characteristics of two modes present in the Brazilian territory and discuss the socio-environmental impacts resulting from their practices, suggesting actions or public policies that can minimize such impacts and promote responsible consumption.

Which mode of transportation has the lowest environmental impact in terms of pollutant gas emissions?

In the context of urban mobility, the integration of transportation modes is a constant challenge for large cities. Considering the principles of Transportation Engineering, where the efficiency of transportation systems is evaluated not only by speed but also by safety, accessibility, costs, and environmental impacts, describe how the quality of transportation means influences population flows within a metropolis. Furthermore, analyze the relationship between the lack of structure in public transportation and the emergence of social problems, such as the exclusion of certain groups from urban accessibility and the limitation of economic opportunities for these groups. Your response should consider both geographical and social aspects, and provide concrete examples that highlight the importance of organizing and investing in efficient transportation systems for the sustainable development of cities.