(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Easy of History

Consider the following statements about Mesoamerica, a region that encompasses areas of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, and was the cradle of several advanced civilizations before contact with Europeans: (1) 'Astronomy played a crucial role in the social and religious organization of Mesoamerican peoples, such as the Maya, whose calendar system was extremely precise and linked to astronomical events.' (2) 'The Aztecs, one of the most well-known peoples of Mesoamerica, created a complex hierarchical society, with the emperor at the top, and developed advanced agricultural techniques, such as the chinampa, a form of agriculture on floating islands.' Based on the statements above: (a) Briefly describe how astronomy and time organization were intertwined in the daily life and beliefs of Mesoamerican peoples. (b) Discuss how technological innovations, such as the chinampa, reflected the Aztecs' relationship with the environment and the needs of a densely populated and stratified society.