(URCA 2022) - Question Easy of Biology

The figure below represents a food web in a terrestrial environment.

The tissues of the human body perform specific functions and are organized into systems that ensure the organism's homeostasis. Imagine that a scientist, while studying the effects of a disease that affects skeletal muscle tissue, observed that, as a result of the disease, the contraction capacity of the muscle fibers was compromised. Based on this situation, describe: 1) The relationship between the structure of muscle fibers and their contractile function, including the main cellular components involved in this process. 2) Explain how a change in a tissue such as skeletal muscle can affect the functioning of other systems in the human body, considering the interdependence between tissues and systems for the maintenance of health.

The Cerrado has a large part of its area on private lands, requiring the involvement of these properties for the preservation of this biome. Thus, some laws have been created to encourage the conservation of this biome. Which of these laws aims to protect the permanent preservation areas of the Cerrado?

In an experiment with Drosophila melanogaster, a researcher observed that the gray-bodied fly (gene A) and short wings (gene B) were frequently inherited together, while the black-bodied fly and long wings were also commonly observed together. After crosses and analyses, the researcher concluded that genes A and B demonstrate a pattern of linkage and that the recombination frequency between them is 10%. What is the definition of linkage and how can the recombination frequency between genes A and B be used to determine the genetic distance between them in centimorgan map units (cM)?