(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Hard of History

During the process of conquest and colonization of America, Spain implemented an economic and political system known as the Colonial Pact, which aimed to monopolize the commercial relations of the colonies with the metropolis, ensuring the enrichment of the empire and the colonizers. This pact was supported by a social structure that included the encomienda, a system where settlers were granted the right to 'order' the services of indigenous peoples in exchange for catechesis, but which often became a form of exploitation and slavery. At the same time, the Catholic Church played a central role in legitimizing colonial power, justifying the actions of the conquerors and acting as an agent of cultural assimilation of native peoples. From a historical perspective, the Colonial Pact and the encomienda cannot be understood without analyzing the political, economic, and social strategies that permeated them. Considering this historical complexity, analyze the following excerpt: 'Spanish colonization in America did not occur homogeneously, and indigenous resistance, although often silenced, was a determining factor in how colonial structures were established and contested.' Based on the understanding of the Colonial Pact and the encomienda, as well as the role of the Catholic Church, discuss how power dynamics and social relations influenced the economy and society in the Spanish colonies of America.