(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Hard of History

During the 18th century, the Enlightenment emerged as an intellectual movement that advocated the use of reason and science for the understanding and transformation of society. This was a reaction to absolutism and practices based on tradition and faith. The philosopher Immanuel Kant, in his essay 'What is Enlightenment?', stated that the essence of the movement was 'man's emergence from his self-imposed immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one's understanding without guidance from another.' Based on this statement and your knowledge of the period, analyze how the Enlightenment influenced the science and philosophy of the time, discussing an example of a scientific or philosophical advancement that directly benefited from Enlightenment principles. Additionally, evaluate how these advancements can be related to the revolutionary movements of the 18th and 19th centuries, considering the social and political transformation proposed by the Enlightenment.