(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Very Hard of History

During World War II, the emergence of totalitarian regimes and the signing of various diplomatic agreements dramatically reshaped the European political landscape. This period set off a chain of conflicts and battles that would ultimately define the war's trajectory. The technology available at the time also had a significant impact, introducing innovations that drastically changed military strategies. With these considerations in mind, what would you say was the key factor that sparked the beginning of World War II, underscoring the intricate web of international relations and the motivations behind the alliances forged during this era?

During the late Middle Ages and the dawn of the Modern Age, Europe experienced significant shifts in its power dynamics with the rise of Nation-States. This transition was marked by the strengthening of the centralized authority of monarchs and the establishment of clear territorial boundaries. Reflecting on the impact of these changes on contemporary politics, how did the emergence of Nation-States shape the understanding of sovereignty and the political landscape of European countries during that period?