(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Medium of Philosophy

Throughout history, philosophers have discussed the relationship between ethics and will, questioning whether ethical action is the result of an internal determination, beliefs, and values, or if it is a contingent choice, dependent on circumstances and individual will. Immanuel Kant, in his work 'Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals', proposes the categorical imperative as a guide for ethical action, stating that we should act in such a way that the maxim of our actions can be transformed into a universal law. Kant thus establishes an objective moral standard that overrides the individual's subjective inclinations. Considering the context of Kant's work and advances in contemporary neuroethics, which investigates the neural bases of moral decision-making processes, evaluate how understanding the brain structures involved in the formation of ethical judgments can contribute to the philosophical debate on the nature of will and moral duty.