(Originais Teachy 2023) - Question Medium of Physics

João and Maria are observing the Moon through a telescope and start discussing the effects of gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon. Knowing that the mass of the Earth is approximately 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg and the mass of the Moon is approximately 7.34 × 10²² kg, and that the average distance between the Earth and the Moon is about 3.84 × 10⁸ m: a) Calculate the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon using Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation. b) If the mass of the Moon were half of its current value, how would the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon be affected? Keep the average distance between the bodies constant. c) Explain the relationship between gravitational force and the Moon's orbit around the Earth, considering the Moon's motion in its path through space.