(Originais Teachy 2024) - Question Hard of History

The independence of several nations in Latin America in the 19th century reflects a complex process of political, social, and cultural transformations, challenging colonial structures and paving the way for the formation of new states. In 'The Open Veins of Latin America,' writer Eduardo Galeano states: 'The independence of a nation is not only the result of a war against a distant metropolis. It is also a rearrangement process that redefines internal social and political relations throughout the region.' Based on this perspective and using interdisciplinary knowledge in geography and history, answer the following questions: 1) Analyze how the independence of a Latin American country altered not only its relations with the metropolis but also the internal power dynamics and the cultural and ethnic composition of its population. 2) Discuss how the geographical context and the process of mestizaje influenced the strategies and challenges faced during the establishment of the first republics in the region.