Exploring Flat Shapes: Sides and Vertices in Action!

Objectives

1. Classify flat shapes by their sides and vertices.

2. Compare different flat shapes, identifying similarities and differences based on their sides and vertices.

Contextualization

Flat shapes are present in our daily lives in various forms, from traffic signs to the screens of our electronic devices. Understanding the characteristics of these shapes, such as sides and vertices, helps us identify and differentiate objects around us, as well as facilitate problem-solving in various areas such as construction and product design. For example, architects use geometric shapes to create floor plans for buildings, while fashion designers draw patterns for clothing based on geometric figures.

Relevance of the Theme

Flat shapes are fundamental in various professions and everyday life. Understanding these geometric shapes is essential for areas such as architecture, design, and engineering, where knowledge about sides and vertices facilitates the creation and construction of projects. Additionally, we often find flat shapes in logos of famous companies due to their simplicity and visual impact, demonstrating their relevance in graphic design and visual communication.

Concept of Flat Shapes

Flat shapes are two-dimensional forms that have width and height but no depth. They are defined by their edges, which are straight or curved lines that are connected. Common examples of flat shapes include triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids, and parallelograms.

• Two-dimensional shapes.

• Defined by connected straight or curved lines.

• Examples: triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids, and parallelograms.

Classification of Flat Shapes by Sides and Vertices

The classification of flat shapes is based on the number of sides and vertices they have. For example, a triangle has 3 sides and 3 vertices, while a square has 4 sides and 4 vertices. This classification is essential for identifying and differentiating geometric figures.

• Classification based on the number of sides and vertices.

• Triangle: 3 sides and 3 vertices.

• Square: 4 sides and 4 vertices.

• Facilitates the identification and differentiation of shapes.

Comparison between Different Flat Shapes

Comparing flat shapes involves analyzing their similarities and differences in relation to sides and vertices. For example, a triangle and a square have different shapes, but both have sides and vertices. Identifying these characteristics helps to distinguish between the various figures and understand their properties.

• Analysis of similarities and differences.

• Triangle vs. Square: different shapes, both have sides and vertices.

• Helps to distinguish and understand the properties of shapes.

Practical Applications

• Architecture: Floor plans for buildings are drawn using geometric shapes.
• Graphic Design: Company logos are often based on simple geometric figures.
• Civil Engineering: Structural projects use flat shapes to calculate areas and forces.

Key Terms

• Flat Shapes: Two-dimensional forms with width and height.

• Sides: Line segments that form the edges of a flat shape.

• Vertices: Points where two sides of a flat shape meet.

Questions

• How can understanding flat shapes help in everyday activities?

• What professions use knowledge about flat shapes the most and why?

• What would it be like to design something without understanding the characteristics of flat shapes?

Conclusion

To Reflect

Understanding flat shapes, their sides, and vertices is essential for many activities in our daily lives and various professions. By learning to classify and compare these shapes, we are developing skills that go beyond mathematics: we are preparing to solve practical problems and create projects in areas such as architecture, design, and engineering. The practice of constructing these shapes helps us better visualize how they connect and how they can be used in different contexts. Think about how difficult it would be to design a house or draw an object without understanding these basic forms. By applying this knowledge, you are developing valuable skills that will be useful throughout your life.

Mini Challenge - Challenge of Geometric Figures in Daily Life

Identify and classify flat shapes in your daily environment.

• Look around and identify at least three objects that have the shapes of flat figures.
• For each object, draw the corresponding flat shape and identify the number of sides and vertices.
• Write a brief description of how this flat shape is used in the object and why it is important for its function.
• Share your findings with the class in the next lesson.