Goals
1. Understand what polymers are and their key characteristics.
2. Identify the different types of polymers and their uses.
3. Comprehend how polymers are produced.
4. Discover everyday polymers and how we use them.
Contextualization
Polymers are a part of our everyday lives in ways we often overlook. From the plastic containers we use for our takeout to the synthetic fibres that make up our winter jackets, these adaptable materials are essential in today's world. Gaining insight into what polymers are and how we produce them helps us appreciate their significance across various industries, from manufacturing to healthcare. For instance, the rubber in our car tires and the nylon in our athletic wear are both polymers that significantly impact our daily experiences.
Subject Relevance
To Remember!
Definition of Polymers
Polymers are large molecules formed by linking together smaller units known as monomers through processes called polymerization. These structures can be found in nature, like cellulose and DNA, or they can be human-made, such as polyethylene and nylon.
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Polymers are created by repeating monomers.
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They can be natural or synthetic.
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They play key roles in both everyday life and industry.
Classification of Polymers
Polymers can be categorized in various ways, such as by their source (natural or synthetic), their structure (linear, branched, or cross-linked), and their thermal properties (thermoplastics and thermosets).
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Natural vs. synthetic polymers.
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Structures: linear, branched, or cross-linked.
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Thermal properties: thermoplastics (which can be reshaped with heat) and thermosets (which cannot be reshaped once set).
Processes of Polymer Production
Polymers are produced through polymerization processes, which include addition and condensation methods. Addition polymerization involves linking monomers without generating byproducts, whereas condensation polymerization produces byproducts, such as water.
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Addition polymerization: linking monomers without byproducts.
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Condensation polymerization: produces byproducts.
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Significance of these processes in the chemical industry.
Practical Applications
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Packaging Industry: Using polymers like polyethylene to create plastic wrap that keeps food fresh.
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Medicine: Employing biocompatible polymers, such as polylactic acid, in sutures and implants.
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Construction: Using polymers like PVC in piping and coatings for enhanced durability and resistance.
Key Terms
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Polymers: Large molecules formed from linked monomers.
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Monomers: Smaller building blocks that link to form polymers.
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Polymerization: The process of combining monomers to create polymers.
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Thermoplastics: Polymers that can be reshaped with heat multiple times.
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Thermosets: Polymers that cannot be reshaped once they have hardened.
Questions for Reflections
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What long-term effects might replacing traditional plastics with bioplastics have on the environment?
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What challenges does the industry encounter in making polymers more sustainable?
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In what ways can advances in polymer technology benefit medicine and other fields?
Maker Challenge: Creating a Sustainable Bioplastic
To solidify your understanding of polymers and investigate sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics, you will embark on a challenge to create a bioplastic using simple materials.
Instructions
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Gather materials: corn starch, water, glycerin, vinegar, food coloring (optional), mixing bowls, spoons, and a heat source (like a portable stove or microwave).
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Combine 1 tablespoon of corn starch with 1 tablespoon of water in a bowl.
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Stir in 1 teaspoon of glycerin and 1 teaspoon of vinegar.
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If you'd like, add a few drops of food coloring to enhance your bioplastic's appearance.
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Heat the mixture on low, stirring continuously until it thickens and forms a gel-like substance.
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Remove from heat and pour the mixture into a mold or on a flat surface to cool and set.
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Observe the transformation of the materials and document your observations about the process.
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Share your reflections and findings with your classmates, discussing any challenges faced and the potential uses for your bioplastic.
