Lesson Plan | Active Methodology | Morality of Modern Man

Premises: This Active Lesson Plan assumes: a 100-minute class duration, prior student study both with the Book and the beginning of Project development, and that only one activity (among the three suggested) will be chosen to be carried out during the class, as each activity is designed to take up a large part of the available time.

Objective

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

Setting clear objectives is vital for guiding both the teacher and learners on the lesson's focus. This section aims to clarify the main points that will be covered, ensuring that students understand what is expected of them and how they can apply their knowledge in practical scenarios. Additionally, it aligns expectations and sets the stage for an engaging learning experience.

Objective Utama:

1. Describe and analyse morality as a set of values that influences human behaviour in modern society.

2. Explore how individual and collective moral values shape social interactions and relationships.

3. Establish a connection between the studied moral theory and its practical application in everyday decisions.

Objective Tambahan:

1. Encourage learners' critical thinking around contemporary moral dilemmas.
2. Promote active participation in discussing practical cases during the lesson.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The introduction phase is critical for establishing a common starting point for all learners, actively engaging them in the lesson through problem situations that encourage reflection on prior learning. Additionally, contextualizing the topic solidifies its relevance, linking theory to practical reality and stirring greater curiosity and engagement from students.

Problem-Based Situation

1. Imagine an employee finds a weakness in their company's security system that could be exploited for personal gain. Should they inform their superiors or take advantage of the flaw for financial benefits?

2. A student has access to answers for an important exam before the day of the test. Should she share this information with her friends to help them pass, or uphold the integrity of the educational process by reporting it?

Contextualization

Morality is a theme that permeates every aspect of life, from personal choices to global issues. By exploring moral dilemmas, such as those presented in the scenarios, learners can better understand how moral values apply in real life. The choices we make reflect our internal values and shape our character, influencing society as a whole. Discussions on government surveillance and privacy raise significant questions around ethics and social responsibility.

Development

Duration: (75 - 85 minutes)

The development stage is key for applying and deepening students' prior knowledge of morality through practical and interactive activities. This section allows students to explore moral dilemmas in various contexts, reinforcing their understanding of the complexities of moral decision-making and the significance of values in society. By actively engaging in the proposed activities, students enhance their critical thinking, argumentation, and empathy skills, which are essential for becoming conscious and responsible citizens.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended that only one of the suggested activities be carried out

Activity 1 - The Judgment of Values

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Explore how different value systems can lead to varying moral decisions and appreciate the importance of diverse perspectives on ethical issues.

- Description: In this activity, students will be split into groups, with each group representing a society that holds specific moral values. They will be given a hypothetical scenario involving a moral dilemma and will need to argue and defend their stance based on their assigned society's values.

- Instructions:

• Divide the class into groups of up to 5 learners.

• Assign each group a society with a unique set of moral values.

• Present a moral dilemma scenario for groups to discuss and propose a solution according to their society's values.

• Each group must prepare an argumentative presentation of their decision for the class.

• Conduct a vote to determine which group presented the most convincing solution and why.

Activity 2 - The Map of Morality

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Visually represent how various actions are perceived morally and discuss the factors influencing these perceptions.

- Description: Students will work in groups to create maps that illustrate how different actions and decisions align with various moral values. They will draw from real or hypothetical cases to position actions along a spectrum ranging from good to bad, discussing how different circumstances can shift moral perceptions.

- Instructions:

• Split the class into groups of up to 5 learners.

• Provide each group with cards with different actions and decisions.

• Students will create a map on paper, positioning each action on a morality spectrum.

• Facilitate a discussion with the groups about how they classified the actions and the criteria they used.

• Each group presents their map and explains their choices to the class.

Activity 3 - Dilemmas on Stage

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Engage students in analysing moral dilemmas through a creative and interactive approach, fostering empathy and understanding of multiple perspectives.

- Description: Student groups will create and perform short skits that depict moral dilemmas. After each performance, the class will discuss the decisions made by the characters, exploring the consequences and the moral values involved.

- Instructions:

• Sort students into groups of up to 5 learners.

• Each group selects or is assigned a moral dilemma to develop into a short skit.

• Groups will prepare and rehearse their skits, focusing on expressing the moral dilemmas clearly.

• After performances, lead a class discussion about the various decisions made by the characters and their consequences.

• Encourage students to consider how different choices could have resulted in different outcomes.

Feedback

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

This stage aims to allow students to collectively reflect on the activities conducted and the knowledge gained. Such discussion solidifies understanding of how various moral values impact decisions in different contexts, promoting greater appreciation and respect for diverse moral viewpoints. Furthermore, it develops students' articulation and argumentation skills, crucial for personal and academic growth.

Group Discussion

To facilitate the group discussion, suggest that each group share their insights and conclusions about the activities undertaken. Ask them to reflect on how the moral values assigned influenced their decisions in the dilemmas and what they learned about the diversity of moral perspectives. Guide the conversation to ensure every group has an equal opportunity to present, allowing time for questions and comments from other students.

Key Questions

1. What were the main challenges you faced in making decisions during the moral dilemma activity?

2. How might the moral values of different societies influence your decisions in real-life situations?

3. What key learnings from today's discussion and activities will you carry into your daily life?

Conclusion

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The conclusion stage serves to consolidate learning, ensuring students grasp the main teachings of the lesson. By summarising and linking the learned theory with practical activities, this section reinforces their understanding and recognises the applicability of the discussed concepts. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of morality in daily life, preparing students to apply this knowledge in their own lives.

Summary

To conclude the lesson, it's vital to summarise and recap the concepts discussed regarding the morality of modern man. Throughout the session, we explored how moral values influence personal and collective decisions, shaping social interactions. This review helps reinforce learning and ensure students grasp the key points covered.

Theory Connection

Today's lesson was designed to connect theory with practice through interactive activities that simulated moral dilemmas, allowing learners to apply theoretical concepts to practical situations. This approach not only facilitated understanding of theoretical content but also underscored their relevance in students' daily lives.

Closing

Lastly, it's important to highlight that morality isn't just an academic topic; it's a crucial aspect of everyday life that guides our behaviours and decisions. Understanding and reflecting on moral values is essential for developing conscious and responsible individuals in our increasingly complex and diverse society.