Lesson Plan | Active Methodology | Materials of Main Everyday Objects

Premises: This Active Lesson Plan assumes: a 100-minute class duration, prior student study both with the Book and the beginning of Project development, and that only one activity (among the three suggested) will be chosen to be carried out during the class, as each activity is designed to take up a large part of the available time.

Objective

Duration: (5 minutes)

The Objectives phase is crucial for laying a clear foundation for what we want to achieve by the end of the lesson. It helps focus the efforts of both students and teachers on the main themes of the lesson, ensuring that everyone is on the same page with the learning goals. By setting specific objectives, learners can concentrate on what they've studied previously and get the most out of the practical activities in class.

Objective Utama:

1. Help learners identify the key materials used in everyday objects, exploring where they come from and their properties.

2. Encourage an understanding of how to dispose of these materials responsibly, fostering environmental awareness from a young age.

3. Distinguish between natural and synthetic materials and discuss the implications of their use and management in daily life.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

The Introduction phase aims to get the students engaged with the lesson's topic through problem scenarios that encourage critical thinking and the application of what they already know. Contextualizing the lesson helps make theoretical content relevant to students' experiences, enhancing the importance of their learning and gearing them up for hands-on activities.

Problem-Based Situation

1. Imagine you're having breakfast and using a plastic spoon. Why doesn't the spoon melt when you stir your hot coffee? Think about what plastic is actually made of.

2. While playing in the park, you come across a soccer ball and an aluminium ball. How can you tell the difference just by touch? Why does the aluminium ball feel colder?

Contextualization

The materials that form the objects we use every day are a fundamental part of our lives, yet we often overlook their origins, characteristics, and effects. Take plastic for instance; it's a material we find in so many household items and it has an interesting history. Originally developed as a substitute for scarce resources during World War II, plastic has now become one of the most versatile and widely used materials in our modern world. Understanding these materials allows us to make informed choices, from buying them to disposing of them.

Development

Duration: (65 - 75 minutes)

The Development phase aims to allow students to apply and deepen their understanding of the materials that comprise everyday objects. With practical and engaging activities, students will explore the properties, origins, disposal, and conscious use of these materials, solidifying their knowledge in a fun and meaningful way.

Activity Suggestions

It is recommended that only one of the suggested activities be carried out

Activity 1 - Material Detectives

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Identify and differentiate everyday materials, discussing their properties and origins.

- Description: In this activity, students will become detectives tasked with uncovering the origins and properties of different materials found in everyday objects. They'll work with items like a pen, a ceramic mug, a sheet of paper, and a plastic spoon. Each group will be given a magnifying glass, a scale, and a magnet to assist with their investigations.

- Instructions:

• Form groups of up to 5 learners.

• Examine each object and discuss what material it could be.

• Use the magnifying glass to look closely at the surface of the objects.

• Test the materials with the magnet to see if they are magnetic.

• Weigh each item on the scale and note the results.

• After examining all the objects, present your findings to the class and explain why you believe each object is made of a certain material.

Activity 2 - Eco-Conscious Builders

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Promote environmental awareness through material reuse and teamwork.

- Description: Learners will be challenged to build a model house using recyclable materials such as cardboard, empty plastic bottles, and popsicle sticks. The aim is to think creatively about reusing materials while discussing the importance of sustainability.

- Instructions:

• Split into groups of up to 5 learners.

• Select the recyclable materials you want to use for your construction.

• Plan and sketch your house model before diving into construction.

• Use glue and tape to put your structure together.

• Decorate the house with available materials.

• At the end, each group will showcase their creation to the class, explaining their choices and how it benefits the environment.

Activity 3 - The Great Material Debate

> Duration: (60 - 70 minutes)

- Objective: Develop argumentative skills and critical awareness regarding the materials we use daily.

- Description: This activity invites groups of students to debate which material is best for a certain use, like food packaging. Each group will represent a material (plastic, glass, paper, metal) and argue for its properties and environmental impacts.

- Instructions:

• Organize into groups of up to 5 learners, each representing a material type.

• Do some brief research on the properties and environmental impacts of your chosen material.

• Prepare arguments to illustrate why your material is best for packaging food.

• Engage in the debate, using the info you gathered to back up your points.

• At the end of the debate, vote as a class to determine which material was the most convincing.

Feedback

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

This feedback stage is key for solidifying learning, allowing students to express what they've discovered and share insights with their peers. Group discussions help reinforce understanding through the articulation and debate of ideas, while also enhancing communication and argumentation skills. This stage also serves to gauge students' grasp of the topic and clarify any lingering confusion.

Group Discussion

Kick off with a quick recap of the lesson's objectives, asking students what they've learned about the different materials in everyday objects. Encourage them to share their experiences and discoveries from the activities, focusing on how these materials are produced, their properties, and their impacts on the environment. Use targeted questions to ensure everyone has a chance to contribute and the vital points are discussed.

Key Questions

1. What were the most common materials you noticed in the objects you analyzed, and why do you think they're so prevalent?

2. How do the properties of materials (like strength and malleability) influence how we use different objects in our daily lives?

3. In what ways can understanding various materials steer our daily choices and promote sustainability?

Conclusion

Duration: (5 - 10 minutes)

The Conclusion phase is intended to reinforce learning, connecting theory with practice and highlighting the relevance of the content to students' lives. Summarizing and reviewing helps learners synthesize their understanding while discussing the practical implications and environmental impacts of materials, boosting the topic's significance and encouraging a conscious attitude towards their use.

Summary

In wrapping up, the teacher should recap the main points discussed regarding the materials used in everyday objects, emphasizing the differences between natural and synthetic materials, the properties observed, and the importance of proper disposal. This summary will help reinforce what the students have learned during the practical activities.

Theory Connection

Discuss how the practical activities, like 'Material Detectives' and 'Eco-Conscious Builders', linked the theory studied at home with real-life application in the classroom, helping clarify complex concepts through hands-on experimentation and direct observation. Highlight how these methods helped make the application of materials in daily life more visible.

Closing

Conclude by stressing the significance of materials in our everyday lives and how the knowledge gained can help us make more informed and sustainable choices. Encourage students to keep exploring and questioning the materials they encounter, fostering a critical and inquisitive approach towards the world around them.